Sept. 20, 1902.] 
FOREST AND STREAM, 
227 
Potholes. 
Editor Forest and Stream; 
Your very s'mple inquiry in regard to the probable 
Jige of those curious holes in the rocks which go by the 
common name of potholes, brings to my mind that ques- 
tion asked by D'ckens' Paul Dombey, of his father, the 
rich merchant, in that story of that noted author, "Dom- 
bey and Son," "What is mrney?" That noted financier 
Avas suddenly, as we say, dumbfounded by the apparently 
simple quest'on. And, indeed, I am at a loss to give an 
answer to this you have propounded to me. When I 
was a boy I was taughi that the earth was six thousand 
years old; when a young man I stood on the top stone 
of the oldest of the pyramids of Egypt, and looked 
down, as Napoleon said, from the work of fort^^ cen- 
turies. And the chisel marks on the stones of that won- 
derful edifice were, and, of course, still are, as fresh ap- 
parently as if they had been made yesterday. If this 
should be so, of vvhat age must that granite rock have 
been of which that stone is a part? Since your proposi- 
tion came to me, I have been thinking of what answer 
I can give to it, but the more I think ot if, and I have 
been thinking of it by the s de of some of these holes, 
little ones which have been worn into the surface of the 
solid gran te merely by the flow of the streams of the 
water of the rains which have co-ursed down the gentler 
slopes of the solid, smoothly time-worn bare rocks; and 
in the flow down to ihe level ground have worn the sur- 
face into sand, of which the soil at the foot of the slope 
is formed — I can not form any guess even, of the num- 
ber of centuries, thousands of them doubtless, required 
to wear away these little basins even; not to mention 
these deeoer ones which exist. But I might hazard a 
thought that some millions of years of such action as is 
low go.ng on in these holes, the deeper ones of them, 
might possibly be sufificient. Then comes the thought — 
f this vast time has been spent in the mere smoothing 
off the surface of these rocks by the action of the flow- 
ing water, how many myriads of years must have been 
required to form those solid crystallized rocks them- 
selves, before they were forced by some amazing con- 
vulsion of nature into the ragged peaks and broken 
cliffs which are only the exposed points of the vast rocky 
oundation of the earth's surface. 
And thousands of feet thick of later rocks have been de- 
posi ed on this foundation dur ng uncountable ages, and 
ill this vast time these oldest rocks have been worn down 
so little as to leave the rough points still unsmoothed. 
During the twenty years of my residence in this mountain 
reg on I have seen not the slightest change in the surface 
A the rocks exposed in the streams, but every visit to 
;hese places there has been the same whirling and eddy- 
ing of the water, and the same grinding of the gravel; 
3Ut the effect of it all is wholly too small to be measured. 
There is a change in the appearance of the river bed after 
my one of these occas onal freshets occur, and then, of 
:ourse, it is reasonable to think that most of this wearing; 
vork is done; but it is wholly too insignificant to notxe 
;ven by the careful eye of the student intent on the 
)oss ble unfolding of any one of the secrets of nature's 
vork. To my mind this kind of study seems beyond the 
•resent ab lity of the human mind, even to intellect, to 
[rapple with. For the 1 fe of a man, even if extended to its 
ullest limit, is too short to follow out with any under- 
itanding of it. as to the time involved of any one of the 
geological problems, which are presented to us in the 
ocks which we see under our feet. The best we can do 
s to study, as we can observe with careful eyes; think 
A what we see. and of all th ngs most, gain all the 
cnowledge we can possibly of others' work; adding to it 
he trifle each of us may gather; and, 
"In this our life, excrtipt from public haunt. 
Find tongues in trees, books in running brooks, 
Sermons in stones, and good in everything." 
And thus we may gather in this life possibly some- 
hing of use to us in another to fellow. Who knows! 
Henry Stewart. 
Coyote Jack. 
The account of tame birds in a recent Forest and 
Itream, leads me to send 5^ou an account of a tame coyote, 
diich, as far as I can learn, seems to be an exception to 
be rule governing c yotes. as he is of a most loving dis- 
osilion, and has no treachery in his make up. He loves 
ij play with all children at sight, and no matter how 
oughly they play with h m, he never uses those big; 
anine teeth hard enough to hurt a child. 
I inclote y^u three snap shots of Jack in his out- 
Oor life; cni. where he has the boy down, one where he 
i posing V th his mistress, and another where he is lying 
n his back w th the cook examin.ng his teeth. 
Jack is mischievous, of course, and will steal your hand- 
erchief out of vour pocket, or do anything to make you 
hase him, yet l.e will take anything from your mouth as 
enlly as a well-bred house dog. 
Jack was rai; ed on a nursing bottle on Major Gordon 
Vt Lillie's ranch in the Ind an Territory. Major Lillie- 
> an old fri ,nd of mine, and while on a visit to the 
Vild West Show this spring, I had my first introduction 
0 Jack, who was playing w.th the crack shot. May Lillie, 
he Major's charming wife. Jack seemed to take to me 
t once and in a few m.nutes we became friends, and as 
he continual moving of the show seemed not the best 
ilace to educate Jack, the Major insisted on presenting, 
iim to me. So Jack and I left on the same train for 
\tlantic City, where he has made a host of fr.ends. 
He goes to the beach with the cook, who is especially 
ond of him. At first he was afraid of the surf, but now 
le takes his surf bath daily. It is interesting to watch 
lim with Ftrange dogs. Jack wants to play with them 
m s ght, but many of them as soon as they scent him 
vill run with their tail down, afraid of him; others take 
C him at once, and play until both dog and coyote are 
dnded. He will, I think, learn to retrieve, and I am 
5oing to try to teach him the house tricks of a %yell-. 
ifokea dog. 
We thought Jack was going to die the other day, as 
after playing all the afternoon he fell in what appeared 
to be an apoplectic fit. I opened his mouth and threw 
in a handful of salt. He recovered only to act crazy, 
rushed all over the yard, ran into the fence, and in fact 
acted just as I have seen dogs with meningitis. I 
caught him and poured down a big dose of syrup of buck- 
thorn. He showed partial paralysis, then final complete 
collapse; lips white and pulse almost gone. I felt his 
heart, which was almost still, and said at once "he will 
be dead in less than an hour." There was not a dry eye 
among the women and children gathered around poor 
Jack. As I thought nothing could hurt him, I gave him a 
spoonful of aromatic spirits of ammonia. It made him 
struggle to get ttp but he sank back into a deep sleep, 
which lasted several hours. We kept him very quiet, and 
I found his heart was getting stronger. He finally awoke 
to consciousness again, but was very weak. He finally 
recovered, and is to-day the same old Jack. I think the 
cook over fed him. Now, if this attack had happened 
COYOTE JACK IN AMIABLE MOOD. 
!co a 'fine bred dog I don't believe he would have re- 
covered. It is new to me to see an animal recover from 
•this and become all well again. 
By the way. Major Lillie has a herd of forty buffalo on 
Ins Tanch in Paw-nee. Indian Territory. He had two 
killed by railroad accident this spring shortly after the 
tihcm opened in Chester, Pa. 
James A. Cathcart. 
English Rabbit Skin Ttade. 
CoNstn. Marshal Halstead wrhes from Birm-ngham, 
Eng. : "Instead of being sent to certain parts of the 
i'.urrpean continent — where for a great many years rab- 
bit skins intended ultimately for American use have un- 
■dergone a process known as pulling — a few bales of 
rthese skins were shipped la.'^t winter, experimentally, direct 
from Birmingham to the United States. It was thought, 
:a shipper told me that we had produced a new machine 
in the United States which could pull out the long hair 
•of rabbit skins at less cost than by the extremely cheap 
hand labor of the Cont nent. I learn that the machine 
•experiment was not a success, and I know the English 
•dealers who were interested in the American venture are 
:again sending their skins to the Continent, where the long, 
u.seless hairs are laboriously pulled out by hand and the 
skins reshipped to hat manufacturers in the United States, 
who shave off the close hair and use this fur to make felt 
;hats. 
"Millions of rabbits. Br'tish and Australian, are con- 
;siuned annually in Great Britain. Dealers purchase skins 
from game and poultry shops, and where rabbits are 
•dressed in households there is, as a perquisite, a penny 
apiece to the cook. One Birmingham dealer tells me he 
ihandled 3,000,000 rabb.t skins last year." 
Bite of the Coral Snake. 
liditor Forest and Stream : 
Is it not probable that many accounts of bites of the 
•coral snake, Flaps, resulting in no harm to their rec pient 
are based upon a mistake in the identity of the snake? 
There are one or two species of harmless snakes of the 
genus Lampropeltis that resemble Flaps in having bands 
of red, yellow and black, and as these snakes are found 
in the same regions as Flaps, they are no doubt mistaken 
for it. In Flaps a broad band of red lies between two 
narrow band:, of yellow, while in Lampropeltis the broad 
red band lies between two narrow bands of Wack. The 
black band in Flaps is about as wide as the red, while in 
die harmless snake the black band is narrow. 
F. A, L. 
Washington, C. 
All commnnication* intended for Forest ahd Stream should 
always be addressed to the Forest and Stream Publishing Co., N?yf 
York. as4 pof ^ »af individual con9$cte4 wit|i th* pajw. 
§Hnie §Hg Hnd §mL 
— ^ — 
Proprietors of shooting resorts will find it profitable to advertise 
them in Forest and Stream. 
Across New Brunswick on Snow- 
shoes* — L 
There is perhaps no part of the sporting country of 
America which to-day is attracting greater intei'est among 
big-game shooters and anglers than the Province of New 
Brunswick. This is true not only in regard to the 
sportsmen of the East, but those of the' West, and it is 
curious to note that among the visitors to that region 
during the season jtist closed there were numbers of 
Western men, includ ng gentlemen from Cleveland, O.; 
Dayton, O. ; St. Louis, Mo., and one or two points in 
Indiana. Hence we have the curious spectacle of large 
numbers of sportsmen of the Middle West turning not to 
the wilderness of Wisconsin or Minnesota, nor to the 
more distant iRocky Mountains, but to the forest-covered 
hills of the northeastern sectims of America, those very 
portions which were first visited and settled by the white 
inhabitants of this country. 
There is a reason for all things, and there is a reason 
for this sudden and growing popularity of the moose and 
caribou country of New- Brunswick. In brief, it is there 
that the extremest doctrines of modern game protection 
have been worked out to successful issue. In New 
Brunswick they have game because they have a protection 
which protects. In no portion of America are the Forest 
AND Stream theories of game protection more fully be- 
lieved in or more thoroughly carried out than in New 
Brunswick. No waste, no sale, a very limited bag, and 
the most stringent inspection — such are some of the 
proved and practical features of the law of that land. _ 
Believing, as one must, that the days of our American 
game are numbered, and being curious to see the effect of 
modern methods of protection in a country once depleted 
of its game and now more fully stocked with big game 
than any other area of equal extent in any portion of 
America the writer hailed with extremest satisfaction 
the opportunity to make a winter visit to New Brunswick, 
and to look into the matter of the New Brunswick game 
supply at first hand. That this could be done in a thor- 
oughly satisfactory way was made possible in the first 
place by the kindly offices of Mr. Adam Moore, presi- 
dent of the New Brun-wick Guides' Association, than 
whom a more level-headed sportsman or more splendid 
man never existed in any country. Mr. Moore, with his 
fr ends, Henry Braithwaite, George Armstrong, Arthur 
Pringle, Harry Allen, Bob Allen and W. T. Chestnut, 
will all be remembered as members of the New iBruns- 
wick party which visited the Sportsmen's Show in the 
M'inter of 1901. The fine impression made by these men 
here is not dispelled btit heightened, by the acquaintance 
the writer has had w th them during the trip recently 
et ded. I want to say in advance of my story that I be- 
lieve New Brunswick has more game than any country 
in America, and that it raises the best guides and the 
best men on earth. It is a square country, an honest • 
country. Fakes do not flourish there, do not grow there, 
and are not wanted there. It is a square, fair, heel and 
toe, man's game that one will get in New Brunswxk. 
I wanted, to see New Brunswick in the winter time, 
because it is in the winter that one can best tell how 
much game there is upon a given bit of country; and 
because, in the second place, I am personally fond qf 
winter camp ng and of snowshoeing. A third considera- 
tion was the fact that during the month of December 
most hunters are out of the woods. Therefore it seemed 
possible to have plentv of time, plenty of room and plenty 
of chance to see what there was to be seen. In these 
days of special interest in moose and caribou, the plain 
story of this trip may prove of service to other sportsmen 
who purpose going into that region. Perhaps I may 
further preface the story by a little advice as to the pre- 
liminaries, which I foimd so easy and simple that I 
dare counsel others to do just as I did. 
All talk of trouble with customs officers, etc.. m going 
into New Brunswick is a mere bugbear, a humbug. I 
explained to the customs officer here in Chicago that I 
was going on a hunting trio, that my rifles, camera, etc., 
were of American make and that I had nothing which I 
considered dutiable in Canada wh ch I did not intend 
to bring back with me. With great courtesy my baggage 
was marked in some mysterious way which enabled me 
to take it from the depot without further trouble at 
Fredericton, N. B. I had. in advance of this, written to 
Mr. W. T. Chestnut to attend to the details of my shoot- 
ing license, etc. Either that gen'tleman or Mr. Robert 
A. Allen, of Fredericton will take up such matters for 
shooters, since both are connected with the Fredericton 
Tourist Association. I found everything arranged on a 
thoroughly complete schedule. One leaves ^Chicago on 
the Canadian Pacific connect on at about 3 o'clock m the 
afternoon, reaching Montreal the next evening. A wait 
of an hour at the latter city and one then crosses the 
grand St. Lawrence River and works on northeast, ever 
northeast, across the State of Maine, into New Bruns- 
wick, and so by noon of the next day arrives in the beau- 
tiful and homelike little c ty of Fredericton, the capital of 
the Province, a city of many governmental traditions as 
well as many graceful social heritages of a dignified past. 
Madame went with me. it being at first a question of 
whether t m'ght not be poss'ble fcr a woman to go into 
the woods. This was decided in the negative, so the 
better half of Forest and Stream exoedition surrendered 
at discretion and was made beautifully at home in the 
families of friends. As to the method of the conversion 
of the Yankee. I wot not so much, but the work of the 
Chestnuts, the Everets and many others was of so potent 
a nature, that when at length Adam Moore and myself 
returned from the wilderness. \ve found that Madame had 
appl ed for naturalization papers, was wearing Canadian 
garb and w'as rebellious at the mere suggestion of ever 
going h^me to Yankeedom again. The quality of New 
Brunswick hospitality i% nqt the least ijharm of a visit to 
that land. 
Big Adam Moore — ^thev sometimes call him "Little 
Adam" fpr ftni— ws? at the depot at Fredericton, with 
