Forest and Stream 
A Weekly Journal of the Rod and Gun. 
Copyright, 1902, bv Forhst and Strbam Pubushing Co. 
Terms, $i a Year. IO Cts. a Copy. 
Six Months,'^. 
f 
NEW YORK, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 4, 1902, 
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VOL. LIX.— No. H. 
No. 346 Broadway, New York 
. The Forest and Stream is the recognized medium of entertain- 
ment, instruction and information between American sportsmen. 
The editors invite communications on the subjects to which its 
pages are devcfted. Anonymous communications will not be re- 
garded. While it is intended to give wide latitude in discussion 
of current topics, the editors are not responsible for the views of 
correspondents, 
Subscriptions may begin at any xime. Terms: For single 
copies, $4 per year, $2 for six months. For dub rates and full 
particulars respecting subscriptions, see prospectus on page iii. 
"Send the Name with the Money.** 
Will the Tarpon Springs, Fla., correspondent who last week 
sent us an envelope containing thirty cents and nothing more, 
kindly now send his name and tell us what should be sent back in 
exchange for the money? 
THE COAL STRIKE AND THE WOODLANDS. 
The great economic struggle now going on is causing 
much inco'nvenience to millions o£ people and actual suf- 
fering to a less number, but beside this it threatens agri- 
cultural interests in the East with damage which year^ 
cannot repair. 
For many months now the coal miners of the anthra- 
cite districts in Pennsylvania and W est Virginia have been 
on strike, refusing to work themselves, and refusing also 
to permit other men to take their places. During all this 
time, therefore, the output of anthracite coal — practically 
the sole fuel used in the cities o| the northeastern United 
States — ^has been nothing. The supply on hand has 
groAvn less and less, and as it diminished prices have 
risen, until now coal is a commodity out of the reach 
of all except, the well-to-do, and even for these is ex- 
tremely hard to obtain, because there is so little in the 
market that dealers are afraid, to sell it except in very 
small quantities. This scarcity, while affording material 
for much jocularity in the comic papers, is already a very 
serious thing to a large portion of our urban population, 
and promises as time goes on and the season advances to 
cause much suffering and even death. 
With the merits of the strike, the Forest and Stream 
has nothing to do, nor has it any opinions to pass on it. 
But it is quite within its province to call attention to one 
of the results of this scarcity. 
Since coal is no longer to be had for fuel, people are 
endeavoring to find a substitute for coal. It is said that, 
in certain parts of New York State, peat is being cut and 
dried to burn, but a more accessible and more popular — 
because familiar — substitute is wood, the fuel of our fore- 
fathers. 
Within the last few> months the price of coal has risen 
to three times its former value ; wood is now worth twice 
what it used to be, and is still rising. Wood that for- 
m.erly sold on the ground for $i.7S per cord, now readily 
brings $4. The result of this is that in some localities the 
farmers are cutting the wood from their land by whole- 
sale, being tempted by prices such as they never before 
heard of. In localities within easy reach of a market the 
destruction of the forest is going on at a rate that is 
extraordinary and most lamentable. Oak and pitch pine 
are being cut down and made into cord wood as fast as 
possible. The farmers whose harvesting is now over are 
quite generally hiring laborers — Italians and others — to 
get wood on the ground and chopped into lengths in time 
to take advantage of the present high prices. This de- 
struction is especially noticeable in Suffolk county, Long 
Island, where the oak and the pine of all sizes is being 
cut down. At many of the stations throughout this county 
piles of cord"wood 200 or 300 feet long may be seen await- 
ing transportation to the cities, or to the wharves where it 
is being shipped by water. 
Nor is this a very new thing. All through the summer 
wood has been quite generally burned on Long Island by 
those who used to burn coal: The proprietor of the Long 
Beach Hotel this summer contracted for 2,000 cords of 
wood, which it may be presumed has all been used. Land 
holders who for years have taken pride in the noble trees 
which ornament their farms, have in some cases cut these 
down to burn, reasoning that they must keep warm and 
cook their food, and since coal is not to be had, it will not 
do to let a sentiment interfere with comfort. 
How general this destruction is in the Eastern States 
will not be known for some time, but it is certainly a 
^erious matter, ^4 Pn^ which in the future is likely to 
bear evil fruit. It is quite conceivable that if general, the 
wholesale cutting of the timber may prove a blessing in 
disguise, calling renewed attention to the importance of 
our woodlands, showing the necessity of planting new 
forests and renewing old ones, and hinting also at possible 
profits to be derived from the forests of the future. 
What with the sweeping away of vast areas of green 
timber land along the Rocky Mountain range and in 
Washington and Oregon, and the still further paring down 
of the slight forest covering of the Atlantic seaboard, the 
United States of America seem more than ever to be in a 
bad way so far as its woodlands are concerned. 
JOHN WESLEY POWELL. 
Major J. W. Powell, long one of America's most 
eminent workers in science, died Sept. 23 at his summer 
home, at Haven, Me. 
Major Powell had been engaged in scientific work in 
the service of the U. S. Government for nearly forty 
years, or almost since the close of the Civil War, through 
which he had served, and during which he had received 
wounds resulting in the loss of an arm. He is perhaps 
best known to the public by his extraordinary and daring 
exploration of the Grand Cafion of the Colorado River in 
1868, but workers in science knew him also as an eminent 
geologist and one of the iirst anthropologists of the world. 
About the time of his exploration of the Colorado 
Cafion, Major Powell spent much time in studA'ing the 
Utes of western Colorado and to the southward, and he 
was perhaps the iirSt authority in the world on the cus- 
toms and the language of these people. 
About 1879 Major Powell succeeded in securing the 
establishment by Congress of the Bureau of American 
Ethnology, which has since, under his able direction, 
proved so great a force in stimulating the study of the 
native Americans and in gathering and publishing material 
about them. In 1880 he became the Director of the 
Geological Survey, and retained that position for more 
than ten years. 
The value of Major Powell's work in science was every- 
where recognized. His advice and counsel were con- 
stantly sought in scientific matters. He had been the 
President of the American Association for the Advance- 
ment of Science, and was a member of many scientific 
societies at home and abroad. 
During the last years of his life he had been a constant 
invalid, suffering from his old wounds received in the 
war, yet to the last he worked earnestly at the sciences to 
which he had devoted his whole life. 
SOUTHERN BIRDS AND SOUTHERN CROPS. 
It is gratifying to see indications that the Subject of 
bird protection may take a place in politics in the South 
A campaign of education on this subject is being under- 
taken by at least one great corporation, and is attracting 
very considerable attention. At last it seems as if the 
farmer was beginning to learn that success in agriculture 
depends largely on the birds, and that an absence of birds 
m.eans presence of insects, which in turn means injury to 
crops. 
Prof. H. P. Attwater, of the Southern Pacific Indus- 
ti ial Department, recently delivered an address on the 
1 elation of birds to the farmer at the annual session of 
the Texas Farmers' Congress, and the Southern Pacific 
Railroad has printed the address for distribution. The 
paper is an admirable one for circulation among farmers, 
and it should have a wide curfency. Of it the Meridian 
(Miss.) State says: 
"Bird protection is going to be made an economic issue 
in every Southern State before many days, and the army 
of sentimental advocates will be reinforced by the utili- 
tarians, who, while caring nothing for the beauty of 
the feathered songster or the music he makes, are very 
much alive to his usefulness in exterminating insects that 
kill crops, and are determined to stay the hand of the 
snarer and wanton bird killer before it is too late and the 
insects have taken possesion of the land. 
"Here is a great railway company, through its repre- 
sentative, joining hands with the sentimentalists to pro- 
tect the feathered tribe, and no one who knows anything 
about the potency of that kind of influence will doubt 
that t|ie bir4s have found a strong friend and ally before 
the lawmakers in Texas. Wherever common sense pre- 
vails, this cause will find advocates and the State would 
like to see bird protection made- an issue in Mississippi 
politics next year." 
In the matter of bird protection simply as a ques- 
tion of economics — for the protection of crops, and for 
no other purpose — the South has lagged wofully behind 
the rest of the country. Florida, perhaps, has the worst 
record of all in this respect-, because once so wonder- 
fully rich in bird life, and so easy of access that it at- 
tracted the plume hunters first of all. But Texas and 
Louisiana must also share the shame, and it is most 
gratifying to be told that a change in sentiment is taking 
place in the Gulf States, the winter homes of so many 
of our useful and beautiful birds. 
SNAP SHOTS. 
More or less fanciful distinctions have been drawn be- 
tween the "sportsman" and the "sport." We venture a 
new one. In the woods the visiting angler or shooter is 
commonly called a "sport," and his guide speaks of him 
as "my sport." Now a good working distinction between 
a "sport" and a "sportsman" is this: A "sport" is one 
who goes into the woods in charge of a guide to show 
him the way, find the game and tell him when to shoot. A 
"sportsman" is one who goes into the woods by himself, 
or with a cook, finds his way and his own game and 
shoots his game when he knows that it is game and not a 
man. The "true sportsman" is one who goes into the 
woods with a guide at $3.50 a day, and shows the guide 
the way around and leads him back to the trail when 
he gets lost. And the "true sportsman" of this type is not 
unknown in the Maine woods. 
The next best thing is to read about it and to write . 
about it, whether in anticipation or recollection. There 
are two "next-best" papers in our shooting columns this 
v/eek. Mr. Cristadoro writes one; he is doomed, he tells 
us, not to shoot a shell on game this fall, and so "gets 
what he can out of it by proxy." The other paper is by 
Mr. Vossiler, who, denied the privilege of joining friends 
on the fall hunt, has nevertheless this pleasure of living 
over again an outing of past experience. And in thus 
doing the next best thing by writing, these two con- 
tributors to the entertainment of Forest and Stream's 
readers will have helped many another one to do the next 
best thing in reading. 
Of what other recreations may it be said that the antici- 
pation of them is so alluring a pleasure, the remembrance 
of them so abiding a satisfaction? It has been said be- 
fore, and is worth repeating often and again, that he who 
in early years follows the pursuit of rod and gun is laying 
up for himself pleasant memories for the years to come. 
Mr. Chapman tells this anew, in his boyhood sketch to- 
day, as it has been told in Forest and Stream a thousand 
times, and will be again. 
The country boy may safely be- left to his own pro- 
clivities and his own devices to discover and make test of 
the delights of field sports. The city boy has much less 
ef opportunity ; but he should be given the chance to be 
a sportsman if he has it in him. That father who 
teaches his son to shoot and to fish is equipping the boy 
with resources which may last all through his life, and 
for which, it is very certain, the filial gratitude will be as 
enduring. The field and camp companionship of father 
and son is an experience of present joy and of blessed 
memories for both, and more than all blessed for one 
when the other has passed beyond. 
91 
Why is it that a clergyman who preaches the law and 
the gospel, a judge who sentences to prison those who 
break the laws, a lawyer whose profession it is to secure 
conformity to law in business and social life, a teacher 
whose life work it is to instil principles of morality into 
the tender mind of the young, will, when in the fields or 
on the pool, forget the law or defy it impudently? This 
phase of human nature is worth studying. How is it to 
be accounted for? 
The concluding paper of tiie series "A Summer on tjs^ 
Labrador" is Avoidably deferred to our next iastie, ^ 
