4, 1902. j 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
26S 
The Eastefn Hemlock. 
PAPKR of very great interest and value to students of 
jstry and lumbermen has just been issued by the 
•eau of Forestry of the U. S. Department of Agricul- 
In it Mr. Edw. T. Allen. Field Assistant of the 
•eau of Forestry, takes up the western hemlock and 
s the results of two seasons' study among the fov- 
of this tree. His purpose is to show that the west- 
hemlock is far superior to the eastern tree, that un- 
favorable conditions the tree produces abundantly 
grows rapidli', and that the prejudice which exists 
inst this wood is based upon the knowledge of the 
ern tree alone. 
ecause of its lack of marketability, the western hem- 
's almost neglected among the woods of the North- 
Mr. Allen points out that this is a great mistake, 
the cutting of trees that are more desired exposes 
hemlocks to destruction by fire, wind and insects, so 
they are a complete loss to the owner and to the 
munity. In many respects, the wood of this tree is 
. It has been adapted to many purposes, of which 
laps the most important is the manufacture of boxes, 
it is also used in building and finishing houses, and 
ther ways. 
Allen takes up the distribution, habit and enemies 
tie trees; its wood, various manufacturing problems, 
jering, the yields of various growths and the utiliza- 
of the bark. The pamphlet, which contains many 
trations, is beautifully gotten up. 
'^wr^ ^nd §uth 
— ^ — 
Proprietors of shooting resorts will find it profitable to advertise 
them m Forest and Strkaic. 
Woods Spfingfs* 
Sullivan county, New York, not long ago, an old 
w told me something in relation to springs which I 
never heard before, although it may be as old as the 
It was along a pretty trout brook that he told me 
e to find a certain spring of fine water, but he added 
it might not be in very good condition, as he had 
(isited it to clean it out since last spring. He cau- 
d me to take the water just as it was, however, as 
ning a spring in dog days always spoils it.'' Now, it 
d seem that this is a mistaken fancy, and that clear- 
iway all the natural refuse that collects in a spring 
d purify the water and rid it of any microbes that 
in it. At any rate, this is something I have always 
on taking water from a neglected spring in the 
_s. Nothing could seem purer than the clear water 
forms m the little cavity one has cleared of all sticks 
decayed vegetable matter, which suggests malaria 
s, to say the least. 
every scrap of woods lore is treasured up fondly by 
^ny information that readers can give on this subject 
se greatly appreciated by Perry D. Frazer. 
The Mttskfat in an Unique Role, 
^.NK Berry, an old-time angler of Bohemian pro- 
les, states that he was at one time acting the "genial 
ace" over a hostelry in a western New York village, 
ain from the cellar under the hotel connected with 
niature lake some 200 yards distance. About 500 
ds of winter squashes were stored in the cellar, and 
the wmter was yet young the .thrifty cook con- 
i the idea of making a squash pie, but upon sampling 
licculent vegetables it was found that each member 
e collection had been punctured from its neither 
:e and the contents as cleanly removed as meat 
a shin bone in care of the family dog. 
IS disclosure served as the incentive to setting a trap 
le mysterious burglars, with the result that several 
rats were caught during the next few days, and a 
■ecord of gastronomic achievements established for 
It-tailed family of fur growers. 
M. Chill. 
1 many a succulent herb here and there you will 
i little accumulations of white froth, and, if you 
iway the froth, you will find a humble greenish' in- 
tiside. On that spot where you find it, it has spent 
i days, seeing nothing but dimly through a foggy 
of its own creation, and never unhappy until now, 
you have let in the clear light , of day upon it! 
ng type of the mental state of some people!" 
Death of .Rufws C Allen. ^ 
Rufus C. Allen, of Brooklyn, to whose veteran 
f forest sport and successful pursuit of it, allusion 
nade during the summer, passed over the river, 
9, at his summer home in the Adifondacks. aged 
irs, Mr. Allen was a native of Vermont, where 
ed till about twenty years ago, filling many un- 
t offices in church and State, because the people 
'We want a man whom we can trust." 
city life of later years only widened the circle, of 
lends and influence. He maintained his zest of 
._d mterest in church and public affairs constantly, 
m private life— as was said by one who knew him 
to know him was to love him." A memorial 
i was held at his late residence in Brooklyn on 
lay last and was very largely attended by friends 
Jersey City, Newark, Elizabeth, Montclair, New 
and Brooklyn. 
Death of Charles Bates. 
NAW Mich., Sept. 22.— Yesterday I attended the 
01 Charles H. Bates, who has been steward of 
re Marquette Fishing Club at Wingleton since its 
tation. All the members of the club will miss 
^ery much. His death occurred here in Saginaw at 
rrs Hospital last week, and his remains were taken 
Morns, his old home, by special train yesterday, 
r. The members of the club acted as pallbearers. 
W. B, Mershon. 
Pacific Coast Items. 
No other State affords more continuous seasons of sport 
than one has in California, where he may begin trout on 
April I, to follow through the summer with the doves or 
the more ambitious deer, then continue through fall and 
winter with the quail or duck till Feb. i. As band- 
tail pigeons are protected by law, and many of them remain 
ni the valley till late March, the interval between quail 
and trout can be agreeably spent. Very young cotton- 
tails— did you ever eat them ?— may be shot in great num- 
■t ^he month of June, and while the hunter 
With his friends devours dainty stews made of rabbit 
meat, he may feel that taking such game is doing the 
rancher a favor. Many a sunrise or sunset of early sum- 
irer discovered your scribe in the sage brush with sack 
filled. Often he saw jackrabbits, which have become a 
pest in the Ojai, ambling up corn rows or near other 
green forage, but always at too long a range for small 
snot, a;nd to his eyes they were as large as mules. Their 
ears had peculiar immensity. 
The season for trout proved to be imusually productive. 
Even the nearest streams for awhile gave fair returns. 
About every local enthusiast tried his luck. Four boys 
who crossed the first mountain and fished the Sespe early 
in the campaign, brought home ninety fish, at least a third 
of them large ones. Despite the hundreds of summer 
campers, the mountain brooks keld out well. While on 
a trip only for scenery early in the summer, your cor- 
respondent saw quite a number of trout in a well-fighed 
stream, and as he is seldom without fish hooks of some 
ciescription, a few of these beauties were taken with rude 
tackle. As late as September, from a stream that had 
been fished scores of times, if not hundreds, he took from 
a single pool twelve ten-inch trout, which is nearly the 
hmit for size. In such crystal water the action of every 
catch was observable.. 
Shortly after arriving "in the Ojai Valley three years 
ago, persuaded by the glowing descriptions of their famous 
gorge by residents, we visit-ed this Matilija Canon, down 
which the stream flows, and though the rough rock work 
T« J ""^ Pi'oved sublime, yet the grimness of slope or 
ciitl due to years of fire, oppressed with a sense of ex- 
treme desolation. The ranger service had just taken the 
reserve m charge then. You should see that gorge now 
A wagon road leads up it for miles. At times this follows 
the creek bed, at others it assumes dizzy heights along 
the mountain wall. Extreme elevations give -fine views 
up or down the cafion. As one drives along, coquetting 
with stream and hill, he obtains a fine view of nature 
CiOthed now everywhere with luxuriant chaparrel. It is a 
pretty ride. The broiling trout course shouts up to 
Heights only of a grand improvement in all things 
Forest Supervisor Willis M. Slosson, of the Pine Moun- 
tain and Zaca Lake Reserve, our reserve, has been kept 
busy since deer season opened with issuing rifle permit^ 
and up to date has made out between three and four 
hundred of these privileges. Each holder becomes a 
deputy for the reserve, and must not only take every 
precaution m regard to his own camp-fire, but he must 
extinguish camp-fires abandoned by others or must fio-ht 
li.rge fires. All of his conduct while he is in the moun- 
tain must be exemplary. As this is the close season for 
aJI small game to be found in the mountain, the shotgun 
Which all rangers look upon as pestiferous, has been en- 
tirely excluded. Even the intelligent, just as with the 
game law m regard to does, may be educated into better 
observances through the new ordinance. 
v^^^\°^ ^^'^^^^ mountain cafions these days will 
likely bring one into contact with returning hunters, their 
wagons heavily freighted with venison, horns in the velvet 
conspicuously placed about every load, and, just as is 
aiways the case when large game has been secured, the 
members of such parties gracious or exceedingly supercili- 
ous. Deer have been plentiful. A Spaniard familiar with 
the mountain told me that jtist before the season opened' 
he saw twenty m one herd. Fifteen-year-old hunters on 
more than one occasion have returned to town from 
brief trips with several deer to their credit. A rancher 
shot a large buck in his orchard three-quarters of a mile 
from town probably one of the large patriarchs that 
have been btidding on fruit every spring near the first 
loothill, and leaving interesting trails for me to decipher. 
Neighbor is watching for another pot-shot in his back 
yard. 
Deer have been chiefly for the strong who could rough 
It in the mountains; doves have been the solace for those 
to whom either extreme youth or age permitted but short 
step and the valleys. Anchises and grandson Ascanius, 
however, had a nimble trigger hand that first day. and 
though they had but diminutive game, the volume of 
sound was excellent, while the air just reeked with the 
lumes of burnt powder. Though the majority of this 
unambitious coterie depended upon the ground or tree 
tops and a sneak for sport, there were those abroad who 
considered themselves good wing shots, and yet who 
iound It diflicult to stop flying birds that had served as 
target lor many accelerating loads of ammunition. 
_ there are a few varieties of game common elsewhere 
i?ru-, ^^^^^ t,^ seldom met with this far south 
While trout fishing the other day, your correspondent 
saw m the creek timber his first California .tree squirrel, 
a large dark-furred creature, and during the same trip 
he discovered wood duck feathers on the margin of a 
pool. Hearsay has it that there are grouse on Pine 
Mouiitain, and at other near points where pine growth 
affords suitable habitat. Years ago an unsatisfactory at- 
tempt was made- to introduce English pheasants into the 
valley as game birds. The Chihuahua or Mexican 
pheasant, which does well in a dry country and roosts in 
trees, might thrive in the local covers. But the swift 
flying valley quail are already here, one of . the finest 
game varieties that ever flushed, and intelligent care 
would increase -their number greatly, why experiment with 
uncertain creatures? 
This class of game has had such dense growth to con- 
ceal in the present season that even dose observation can- 
not estimate how large the coveys are in number. Weather 
JUid forage have been excellent for propagation. Many 
tull-grown youngsters were noticed as early as the first 
week in July, and many old birds still mated near the 
end ot August. Surrounding counties report the coveys 
as being too abundant. Ranchers in the northern part of 
^anta Barbara county threaten to begin shooting that 
they may save crops still' in the field. 
i he sa t-water fishing along the southern coast arid 
near Catalma, ever since the purse-netters withdrew from 
such waters, has been phenomenal even for the summer 
season, and near y every day catches are made of large 
fish, especially of yellowtail and jewfish, infrequently of 
large tuna. j 
T<;i?nH"Th ^ ""^f-^ ^"''^^^^ near Catalina 
island, the participants caught with hook and line more 
tnan 400 albicore, at least 10,000 pounds of fish, but as 
the nieat is worthless. Justice Allen afterward charac- 
terized the tournament as wanton slaughter which should 
be prohibited by law. Fishermen and boatmen contended 
that albicore were useless except as food for other fish, 
and that they served this purpose after being caught. The 
ethics of sport have been observed here as elsewhere only 
in a vague manner Perhaps a goat hunt taken next day 
by fourteen boys of the Naval Reserve, who accomplished 
twenty-eight kills was not accurately in line with the ideal 
conception upheld by a large number of other hunters, 
tliough all the meat was afterward consumed in camp ' A 
lair judgment would demand exact knowledge of local 
conditions. ^ " 
.ii^/lf"^?.*^^!?^'"^' ^^^^^^^ '■«^°rts, mountains, indeed 
all the attractive spots to recuperate at, have been well 
pationized this summer, and the season in the mountains 
has been delightfully cool tor hunting, the fishing in sal? 
water extxemely fine, yet there has been a lack of items 
come to hand worthy of noting. One hears of it wkh 
1 egret whenever any of our delightful old pioneers as- 
sumes the lost trai into eternity. The latest addidon to 
.^7" ntimber has been L. P. Redwine, who died n 
the early part of the summer, the man to whom Jefferson 
?Z%^' Secretary of State under Pierce, consigned a 
held of camels, to^be used for packing across the Colorado 
acsert trom Los Angeles to army posts in Arizona. These 
creatures, though they served their purpose admirably be- 
cause of their uncouth appearance stampeded army stock 
and were shot by soldiers at every opportunitj, until 
only a small remnant of the original herd was left; which 
after being turned loose on the deserts of Arizona bv 
our Government, existed near the Mexican border until 
withm a few years, despite pursuit by hunters. The old 
cXfdo fesSt " °" ^" ''^ 
Your correspondent has just heard that the Banning 
Company which owns Catalma Island, will allow no mor? 
goat hunting there, as unscrupulous hunters have been 
<lestToying sheep also, a tour of the back canons a short 
while ago revealing many of the latter shot in mere 
v/antonness. To insure against future loss of this kind 
^e company will exterminate the goats and adopt othe; 
means that will discourage pursuit of game with the rifle 
Sheep over there, from being. stampeded often, have be- 
come so wild that fences do not restrain them, and sheS-- 
ing has become nearly impossible. The unprincipled 
minter, here as m the East, by his conduct robs the tSer 
sportsman of many a privilege. H R Steigfr 
Across New Brunswick on Snow- 
shoes. — III. 
la the Game Coantr y. 
It is nearly always the case in New Brunswick that a 
very heavy snowfall is followed by still and cold weather. 
We tound the thermometer hovering around the zero 
po nt on Saturday, Dec. 7, and a cutting wind rendered 1 
v/alk across the lake rather an unpleasant experience The 
snowshoe straps needed to be carefully watched lest the 
toes should become too cold, and even with this danger 
present in mind, Adam on this day managed to freeze 
trouble" '^^'''^ ^^^^ ^'"^ considerable 
Adam and I made a hunt back into the rough country 
where we had jumped the cow and calf on the day before 
taking up their trail with the intention of following it 
until, perchance, it led us to something better. Of course 
any moose hunter knows that it is useless to follow a 
moose on the same day that it is jumped. I had plenty of 
proof of this as we wo'rked along back into the hill coun- 
try, following the trail which old mother moose had made 
the day before. In three different places we saw where 
she had stopped with her offspring and looked back down 
the trail to see if anything was following. In each case 
this pause was made behind a screen or clump of thick 
trees, which would have prevented us from seeing the 
moose, but which would enable the moose to look back 
over a long stretch of open country. This little stratagem 
was repeated with such nicety that we received a very 
good impression of the moose's ability to take care of 
itself. 
After following this trail- about three miles, we found 
it crossed by another trail of two moose. As we had 
sent John out this same morning to see if he could locate 
some moose for us, we felt pretty sure that, from the 
direction which this trail took, John had also put up game' 
We did not, however, discover any horn sign in connec- 
tion with this trail, and reasoned out, as was later verified 
that John himself had put up a couple of cows We 
were having all kinds of bad luck in jumping cows When 
we returned to camp that night John told us that he had 
been within easy shooting distance of these moose when 
he jumped_them, but that they were both cows 
We did 'something like fifteen miles on this day and 
as we came back over our former snowshoe trail we 
found, as we had on the day before, that the caribou' had 
again cut our trail all to pieces. They had been out on 
the lake agam also, and indeed had all the country around 
the lake shore tramped up. Charlie saw several caribou 
on this day, although none of these had horns. We had 
now seen sign of something like fifty or sixty caribou at 
least, probably two or three times that number, but the 
heavy country and the dense snowfall which covered the 
