Die. 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
46B 
lessening strain. I asked Mowst to ^et the gaif into hiiti 
Ht the earliest moment possible, and to make no blunder 
doing it. He gave me an indignant look that spoke a 
volume, and waded in thigh deep, waiting for the fish to 
be reeled within reach. When he did get sight of him, he 
stepped toward the shore and said, coolly. "'Reel up, reel 
up !" With a mental anathenia at what I thought his 
obstinacy, I obeyed his gesture rather than his voice, and 
cautiously reeled the fish into more shallow water, men- 
tally blessing Mowat for not gaffing it. Again came that 
gesture and again "Reel up!" 1 did so, but I am afraid 
the atmosphere was blue with "cuss words." What I 
more distinctly remember — and the whole picture is be- 
fore my mental vision as I write — is seeing Mowat stoop, 
reach out an arm, seize the tail and walk to shore with a t 
fish so large that even in his strong hand its head and 
shoulders dragged on the sand. When its feeble struggles 
wei'e ended by a blow on the head and the fish laid on 
the grass, the whole mystery Avas solved — the fish was 
fast by the tail, but not hooked there. Incredible, nay, 
almost impossible, as it seem.?, the hook was deep in the 
angle of the left side of the mouth ; thence the line had 
crossed through the mouth to the right side, gone straight 
down that side, took two plain turns around the peduncle 
of the caudal fin, and then two perfect half-hitches — as 
perfect as if human hands had placed them. 1 now saw 
Mowat's reason for wishing to secure the fish without 
using the gaff. He dimly saw the line round the tail 
and feared the struggles which would surely follow the 
stroke of the gaff would disarrange it, and he was curi- 
ous to see the enigma explained. The fir.st two turns 
had quite buried themselves in the skin, and the two half- 
hitches had made a deep groove roimd the peduncle close 
to the junction of the tail. I had seen many curious com- 
plications of lines and leaders, but this surpassed all that 
any of us had ever before witnessed. No doubt the com- 
press abound the tail had paralyzed that organ and ren- 
dered it incapable of further action. I cut the leader 
two feet from'^ the hitches and had it packed with the fish 
to show angling friends in St. John. Of some six or eight 
good anglers and bon camaradcs who saw this strange 
tangle, the writer alone still "lags superfluous on the 
stage." The fish weighed thii'ty-nine pounds ; when fresh 
run from the sea, it would doubtless have been two or 
three pounds heavier. Mowat packed it in grass and 
fern, bound with twisted withes until it made a mummy 
almost as large as himself. We started at once for Meta- 
pedia, arriving there in time to meet the Quebec ex- 
press, and next morning the writer was in St. John to 
resume the less pleasant duties of official life. 
H= * * * * * 
There must be some witchcraft about lost fish! They 
are always the gamest and the largest, and by some 
mysterious process they increase in size every time the 
.story is told! If thev merely rise and are not hooked 
they are alwavs big fish! If hooked and lost, they are 
"whoppers"; but if the captive has made a fine leap and 
escaped he at once assumes marvelous proportions, and 
the grieving fishfrman growls pathetic in describing every 
minutia of his rising, his leap, his rushes and his final 
escape, which, strange to say, is always attributed to 
beino- very sligthly hooked ! Once m a while a frayed 
castmg lu'ie or leader, a knot slipping or a fly drawing 
frori the out gets the blame, but whoever heard an angler 
so much as hint that any fault of his own caused the loss 
on his monster fish ! After all, half the plasures of hie 
arise from bfuie cajoled, and happy is the angler who 
can cajole himseTf and get his listeners to thrill with sym- 
pathy when fighting his battles o'er again. 
But the Old Angler is shelved. Only in memory can he 
now cast a line or play a fish. No doubt he would cut a 
poor figure with his shabby old "Castle ConncU" beside 
the jeimesse dorec of the present day, with all the beautiful 
and expensive tackle that American ingenuity and me- 
chanical skill have evolved; though I doubt if Father 
Izaak would know what to do with it. I also doubt 
whether the present day angler "with all appliances and 
means to boot" can knot a more reliable leader, put up a 
more' killing flv or handle a rod any better than the 
grizzled members of the Old Guard with whom the Octo- 
genarian has fished. Among these he would mention as 
facile princcps Walter M. Brackett, of Boston, who has 
o-iven to art lovers the three greatest fish pictures in 
America; Charles Hallock, who founded and for years 
edited Forest and Stream, still the leading sportsman's 
paper in the United States, to whose zealous and per- 
severing efforts the devotees of true sport are more in- 
debted than to any other man now living, who, the writer 
is glad to learn, is yet active as ever in the pursuit of 
sport and Natural History: dear old Thad. Norris, whose 
loo early death was a loss to fishculture and true angling; 
Joseph Teft'erson, the renowned and accomplished actor, 
whose imrivailed iniperKonations have added to the gaiety 
of nations; Nathan Cummings, of Portland, who did more 
than any other man to draw the attention of scientists and 
anglers to the "landlocked salmon" of Sebago and 
Schoodic lakes; Commissioner Stillwell, of Maine, who 
did so much for the protection of salmon in those two 
noble border rivers, the Penobscot and St. Croix; and 
many other true sportsmen le>s IcnoAvn to fame, who were 
the avant couriers of "fisshinge with an angle" in the 
United States. In the Maritime Provinces of Canada, the 
Octogenarian is the sole sur\'ivor of the Old Guard, among 
whom he knew Sir Edmund Head and Sir Arthur Gor- 
don ; M. H. Perley and A. L. Light, Robert Tannahill and 
Tom Trafton. Dick Calvert and Sandy Wood, all of whom 
have crossed the bourne to the happy hunting grounds of 
the hereafter. 
Dr. Langstroth, the best taxidermist; Joe Dalzell, the 
best rod maker, and Tom Willis, the best fly-dresser in 
Canada, though all on the down hill of Hfe, are still hale 
and vigorous. Each is an artist with rod and gun, and can 
yet show deftness on lake and stream and unerring aim 
in the forest. For fin, fur and feather, no more thorough 
sportsmen has the Old Angler met, and none more 
worthily represent the Old Guard or inore religiously fol- 
low its high precepts. 
The man who can select the best gut, securely knot his 
own leaders, put up a decent fly when confined to camp, 
cast a fair line, perform the magic turn of the wrist when 
his fish rises, manage on scientific principles easily under- 
stood, a moving arch on his rod, so that ah easy strain on 
the fish is always maintained, never for a moment allowing 
a yard of slack line, and can maintain this under con- 
stantly changing conditions, until the gaff is in his sal- 
mon or the net under his trout, has little more to learn. 
He is fully qualified to enter the arcanum of the angler 
and enjoy pleasures that only the angler knows. And 
yet, alas! the great majority of these good fellows — 
sportsmen in the rough — who go a-fishing, are only fisher- 
men ! But all honor to the guild, the craft, tlie brother- 
hood by whatever name they are called! A good fisher- 
man cannot be a bad man ! A good angler is the highest 
development the genus homo has yet reached, and how- 
ever the race may yet progress, among the highest and 
best, and holding the forni.oSt places, will still be found 
the anglers ! V. 
Theo. Louis,' 5,Trader. 
Manv of .Gur readers were interested in the note, 
fvom the pch of Mr. Theo. Louis, recently published 
in Forest and Stream, telling that he recalled one of 
the men whose name is engraved on the old stone, 
dated 1S49, recently figured in Forest and Stream. 
Mn Louis was born in Diiisburg, on the Rhine, in 
the year 1829. Pie took part, under General Franz 
Sigel, in the Revolution of 1848, in Germany, and was 
obliged to fly his native land. He came to America 
and went West, direct to Wisconsin. 
In 1852 he engaged to accompany Prince Nicholas 
of Nassau, on a trip to the West. The party left St. 
Louis on the steamboat Robert Campbell during the 
June freshet, and went up the Missouri River. The 
vessel steamed during the day and tied up to the bank 
at night. Crew and passengers chopped their own 
wood, and supplied meat with their own rifles. The 
vessel belonged to the American Fur Co., and took 
up the river men for the different forts and merchan- 
dise for the Indian trade. There were a few luxuries, 
such as coffee, rice and sugar, but for the rest the 
white men, like the Indians, subsisted on wild meat — 
buffalo fresh and buffalo dried. 
The trip up the river to Fort Union occupied six 
weeljs. Mr. Louis went with the Prince's party up the 
Yellowstone, and then back to P'ort Pierre, and there 
taking horses, went west . by way of White 
River, through the bad lands toward the Black 
Hills, to Ft. Laramie. At this point he left 
the Prince, and engaged to Captain Gratiot, of 
old Fort John, which was situated near the 
Platte River, not far from Scott's Bluff and Chim- 
ney Rock. At this post he was stationed until 1855, 
traveling about over the plains, trading with the differ- 
ent tribes of Indians and chiefly in company with his 
friends, Antoine Lc Due and George Lamont. At the 
post were such old mountaineers as Billy Adams, Rulo, 
who had had part of his feet frozen off, Carifeld and 
Tom Shaw. 
During these journeys Mr. Louis kept memoranda 
of the events of his journeys, but on his return to St. 
Louis these were destroyed by fire. 
A little later he married and settled in Wisconsin, 
striving to make a farm out of a wilderness. He still 
retains a few momentoes of his life as a trader, and 
we may imagine that he often looks back with longing 
to the free days of fifty years ago. Fie is now a suc- 
cessful farmer and breeder of live stock in Wisconsin, 
and his later li.fe is smooth and happy. 
Zenaida. 
This name was suggested hy the Zenaida . dove, and 
although too far north for this variety, still their cousins, 
Zenaidiira macroura, haunt the place all summer long and 
nest in the glade made by the little stream which makes 
the eastern boundary of the farm. . If I could have a 
country place for the asking, I would surely convey to my 
Macaenas in some way that he put a stream on one border 
at least, where cardinals could bathe in the cool shadow^s 
of button l)all and alder bushes, and by which I could 
walk at evening and always hear in suimner the fluty 
note of the vesper, and in winter the pipe of the wdiite- 
tbroated sparrow. * --h * _/\s I have no place, who 
shall deny my praise of Maudellon's? What peace does 
dwell there and what dove's wings beauty! As my car 
approaches its precincts I feel the expaiisiveness of the 
outdoors tingling eyes and ears, I stop to listen for the 
counti'y silences, broken only perhaps by the sonorous 
drum of the red-headed woodpecker, which loves the 
locust trees of this neighborhood. 
Iff stop to drink at the sulphur spring and see Maudel- 
!(m silhouetted against a distant sky line, daintily picking 
her way across the brook, who shall say that this does not 
add a picturesqueness which the bare brown nature of 
this autumn season would fail to give? 
On an afternoon not long ago. as I .stood at the spring 
enjoying the picture as above outlined, I saw^ two mounted 
figures also approaching from another direction. They 
proved to be two friends come to explore Maudellon's 
possessions. After the honors of sulphur water, we looked 
at them inquisitively and they seemed to understand, for 
they at once began a most excessive admiration of the 
turnip patch in the immediate foreground, and the winter 
oats on the hills to the right suft'ercd as well their urban 
heroics. 
Our friends, booted and spurred, and with the last cut 
of a crop, hid come for a ride, and they rode down 
e\^erything, including the pike, at a rate so furious that I 
had to iiang in my stirrups in a most lamentable cockney 
fashion, and Maudellon's hat danced on her head wnth 
frightful uncertainty. After a few leagues of this strenu- 
osity, we came upon Maudellon's lane. 
As we approached it the French teacher observed it at 
once. "What charming way is this?" she asked in her 
lovely idiom. "A lane, mademoiselle." "What is a lane, 
where leads it, what contains it?" came in a clatter. "Stop, 
stop, attendez," she cried to the others. "We shall see 
this way, this lane." "You must first ask the consent of 
jtny friend yonder," I replied, ".she has the key." This was 
too confusing both for me in ray French and for made- 
moiselle in her nnderstandiiig, so Maudellon approached 
and bravely led the way up this sacred avenue. 
I followed behind very reluctantly, noticing the bird 
nests which my careless observation had failed to locate 
during the summer ; and the milkweed cones, setting 
adrift their gauzy seed; and the red berries of the Cebetha 
carolimana, shining against the_ faded rows of golden 
rod ; and the yellow primrose, still exhaling the perfume 
oi summer evenings. Only a few stragglers among the 
birds gave the place any life, and the settled melancholy 
of the autumn had laid its hand on every green bower, 
I was glad that she did not remember and could not point 
o.it the place where the rabbits were found playing and 
where we stopped on our first invasion of this lane to 
eat supper. Although I protested with some lame ex- 
cuse, still she took them within sound of the sheep bells 
and further on past the cardinal's grapevine bower. At 
last even she became convinced of their philistinism, and 
we turned back, soon to see over the hill Zenaida lying 
in the purple twilight. E. M. 
Nashville, Tenn., November, 1002. 
Zap/ ^MatQ, 
Growth of the National ''Zoo, 
f9 
'The National Zoological Park has been in its present 
l'.'c<!tion since 1891, and during all of that time, nearlv 
twelve years, but tAvo animals escaped which caused the 
k'.-ist trouble to the attendants, and those two are known 
not to have intlicted the slightest injury upon any living 
person." 
This assertion was made yesterday by Mr. Frank 
Baker, Superintendent of the park, in response to a query 
as to whether or not the animals ever get beyond their 
confines. 
"Many years ago," continued Mr. Baker, " we had a 
black bear confined in the dens down on the creek. The 
\vealher was cold and the ice formed rapidly. During the 
right the water running down the side of the rocky cliff 
iroze as it reached the surface, and finally piled up so 
high that Bruin was able to climb over the side of his 
cage. He was soon detected by the attendants and an 
cfiort was made to capture him alive. Every time the 
attendants got him surrounded he would make a charge 
at one of them and break through the line by giving the 
man a great scare. Finally it was seen that the isear could 
not be captured alive, so orders were given by the then 
superintendent to kill the animal rather than to take any 
further chance of his escaping from the park and inflicting 
m.jury upon some person. This was done in a few min- 
utes. 
" The other escape was that of a small cub wolf a few 
days ago. And right here I want to say that that wolf 
is alive and ^vell in the park to-day. It has not shown 
(he slightest sign of rabies, as has been stated, and there 
i'^. not the slightest sjanptom of anything being wrong 
With him. The wolf was born in the park and has never 
sliown any of the bad traits of similar animals born in 
their wild state. 
"When it is considered that there are now in the park 
537 animals, 225 birds, and 116 reptiles, I think you will 
;id'.nit that Ave have made an excellent record and have 
been particularly successful. Few of the larger animals 
ever make any determined efforts to break out of their 
quarters. The lions, tigers, hyenas, and other inmates of 
the big animal house appear to be perfectly contented. 
.Some of them, it must be remembered, were born in cap- 
tiA-ity, and have never known the free, roving life of their 
companions in captivity. The attendants say that the ani- 
inals appear to grow fond of human companionship and 
appear less restless during the hours when there are vis- 
itors in the park. 
"Those cages on the hill in which are confined the 
wolves, foxes, hyneas, and like animals have wooden 
doors, which are closed at night, making the escape of 
the animals less easy, and at the same time giving thenr 
a better opportunity for having a night's rest. The deer 
and the elk are probably the most favored of the animals, 
for throughout every .day they are being constantly fed 
and petted by women and children, and they would prob- 
ably not run away at all if they should get out of their 
confines." 
There arc recent arrivals at the Zoo that haA^e added 
large interest to the collection and are much prized by 
the superintendent of the institution. Among these are a 
cotigar from Oregon, three roseate spoonbills from Texa-s, 
two swamp wallabies from New South Wales, and a Tas-- 
inanian wolf with young from Tasmania, considered to be 
a very r:irc specimen. 
The delightful Avcathcr of the fall has dela3'ed the mov- 
ing of the animals into winter quarters. Such of them as 
need warmth are fastened up at night and allowed to 
bask in the sunshiae during the day. The ncAV house for 
Dunk, the elephant, which is being built by a special act 
of Congress, providing $10,000 for the purpose, is rapidly 
iieiring completion and Avill be ready for his occupancy 
in about two weeks. In this house he will be more com- 
fortable than he has ever been since taking up his quar- 
ters at the Zoo, and it is understood it will not be neces- 
s.Try for him to be made fast continually with two heavy 
chains attached to his feet. 
The eagles have been moved into a handsome new cage, 
which was recently completed, and the new flying cage, 
T58 feet long by 50 feet wide and 50 feet high, enclosing 
several trees and running Avater, built at a cost. of $6,200, 
has proved to be a great boon to the feathered species. 
New bear yards for the kadiak bear and polar ' .bears are 
being constructed and will be ready for occupancy in 
nbont a month. The antelope house has been- renovated 
and repaired, and the temporary bird house has been en- 
larged by an addition of forty feet on the north ; end: 
Plans have been prepared for a modern and much more 
satisfactory aquarium to take the place of the barnlike 
structure now in use. 
During the year forty-six animals were born in the 
park, among which were one lion, four gray wolves, five 
coyotes, five blue foxes, one American bison, one zebu, 
two Cashmere goats, one nilghai, seven American elks, 
one Virginia deer, one mule deer, three llamas, seven 
hutie-cougar, five prairie dogs, and two acouchy. 
In addition to the specimens receiA'ed recently a num- 
ber of important additions Avere made to the collection 
during the past year. Mr. R. xA.. Gross presented a pair 
of young lions from Somaliland, Africa, and a pair of 
