333 
So much as to one industry by way of illustration of the value 
of the application of science to agriculture in all its aspects. 
Through the Federal Experiment Station, the Territorial Board 
of Agriculture and Forestry, and other mediums a good beginning 
has been made in the same direction in other industries with most 
promising results — in the pineapple, rubber, sisal, tobacco, and 
other industries. A college of agriculture has been established ; 
instruction in agriculture as well as in the mechanic arts is made 
more and more prominent in the public schools, a beginning hav- 
ing been made in this direction as long ago as 1831 and 1836 
when industrial training schools, the first in the United States, 
were established — which in large measure suggested to General 
S. C. Armstrong, who was born and brought up in Hawaii, the 
ideas which he later embodied in Hampton Institute. 
The needs and opportunities are such that every effort must 
and will be made in Hawaii to perfect a science of tropical agri- 
culture and build up a group of tropical agricultural industries 
to the highest point of efficiency to which they can be brought by 
the application of scientific methods. What is needed now, out- 
side of transportation and other facilities, through the scientific 
branches of the Federal Government, is assistance in forestry and 
in soil, topographic and hydrographic surveys and branch experi- 
ment stations — so comparatively new is the field of scientific 
•tropical industry and so unique are the conditions of wide varia- 
tion in rainfall, temperature and soils within shortest distances in 
Hawaii. 
The second point to which I wish to refer is that of the location 
of Hawaii at the commercial center or cross-roads of the Pacific — 
which, the greatest of oceans, between the richest of continents, is 
last approaching the fulfillment of the long-ago prophecies of von 
Humbolt, Seward and others, to the effect that it would eventually 
be the theater of the world's greatest commerce. If the inland 
waterways of the Mainland, especially those of the great Missis- 
sippi Valley are to be developed to the extent which seems likely 
in the near future, and if the Panama Canal is to be completed, 
as it must be, within a few years, not only is it a corollary that 
Hawaii must be provided with adequate harbor facilities in order 
to make these other great works serve most completely their pur- 
poses, but obviously one of the most effective methods of con- 
serving the natural resources of the United States is by taking 
advantage of, through these provisions for adequate transportation 
facilities, the vast natural resources of other countries and espe- 
cially those of China which are perhaps, next to those of the 
United States, the richest in the world and as yet practically un- 
touched. The location of Hawaii, which thus far has proved one 
of the greatest obstacles to her industrial prosperity, will here- 
after be one of her greatest assets, and with the proper develop- 
ment of her harbors through Federal aid she will, small though 
she is, have the proud honor of playing a part out of all propor- 
tion to her size in the conservation of the natural resources of the 
nation. 
