104 
U. S. P. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS — ZOOLOGY — GENERAL REPORT. 
This species is found throughout the eastern portion of North America, from the Atlantic 
coast to the eastern slope of the Rocky mountains. The Fort Yuma specimen, (6046,) if no 
mistake has heen made in the locality, is the only far western point on record. The variety 
nuclialis has hitherto only been noticed from New Mexico. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. 
No. 
Sex. 
Locality. 
When collected. 
Whence obtained. 
Orig'l 
No. 
Collected by — 
Length 
Extent. 
Wing. 
Remarks. 
6935 
O 
Donald Gunn 
R^n? Wi'J ment H B T 
Dr Ho 
1334 
2076 
1342 
2598 
2107 
1332 
782 
1333 
2101 
4635 
4632 
4631 
4633 
4634 
4636 
4637 
5621 
8807 
6042 
6046 
9 
3 
9 
9 
9 
3 
3 
3 
3 
3 
3 
9 
9 
3 
3 
3 
9 
9 
Carlisle Pennsylvania 
April 5,1844 
April —,1845 
April 10, 1844 
May 8,1846 
April 15,1845 
May 5,1844 
October 7,1842 
April 5,1844 
April 12,1845 
April 26,1856 
April 29,1856 
May 3, 1856 
S F B iird 
8.33 
8.25 
8.33 
8.33 
8.50 
8.25 
8.67 
15.33 
15.25 
15.50 
15.25 
14.75 
15.75 
15.75 
4.92 
4.83 
5. 
5. 
5. 
5. 
5. 
do 
do 
Mouth of Platte river,N.T. 
80 mis. ab. Council Bluffs. 
Big Sioux river, N. T 
Lt. G. K. Warren.. 
47 
7.37 
7.75 
8.37 
7.32 
7.62 
7.75 
7.87 
14. 
13. 
15.25 
14.75 
14. 
14. 
13.87 
15.25 
4.87 
4.75 
5. 
5. 
5. 
4.75 
5. 
4.50 
do 
Dr. Hayden 
May 17, 
August 9,1856 
August 24, 1857 
Medicine Bow river,K. T. 
233 
Iris, light gray. 
Mimbres river, New Mex. 
9 
? Fort Yuma, California .. 
Lieut. Williamson. . 
SPHYRAPICUS RUBER, P> a i r d . 
Red-breasted Woodpecker. 
Picus ruber, Gn. Syst. Nat. I, 1788, 429.— Wagler, Syst. Av. 1827, No. 151.— Aud. Orn. Biog. V, 1839, 179 ; pi. 
416.— Ib. Birds Amer. IV, 1842, 261 ; pi. 266. 
Melanerpes ruber, Rich. List, Pr. Br. Assoc. for 1835.— Bonap. List, 1838.— Ib. Consp. 1850, 115. 
Pilumnus ruber, Bon. Consp. Zyg. Aten. Ital. 1854, 8. 
Picus flaviventris, Vieillot, Ois. Am. Sept. II, 1807, 67. 
Sp. Ch.— Fourth quill longest ; third intermediate between fourth and fifth. Bill brown wax color. Head and neck all 
round and breast carmine red. Above black, central line of back from nape to rump spotted with whitish ; rump, wing coverts, 
and inner web of the inner tail feathers white, the latter with a series of round black spots. Belly sulphur yellow, streaked with 
brown on the sides. Narrow space around and a little in front of the eye black. A narrow yellowish stripe from the nostrils, a 
short distance below and behind the eye. Length about 8.50 inches ; wing, 5 inches ; tail, 3.40 inches. 
jjab, —Pacific slope of the United States. 
The red of the breast and belly extends over half the distance from chin to end of lower tail 
coverts. The tail feathers are immaculate black, except as described. All the wing quills 
have both webs spotted with white. The white of the upper tail coverts is streaked with 
black. The white spots on the back are elongated, mostly on the end of the inner webs of the 
feathers, and are tinged with red. 
Specimens vary considerably in size ; one (5959) from Olympia is much larger than the rest, 
measuring 9^ inches ; the wing over 5 inches. The colors are unusually bright and pure, but 
no other difference is noticeable. 
