BIRDS PICIDAE MELANERPES TORQUATUS. 
lib 
Specimens vary in the gloss on the hlack of the upper parts, which is sometimes green, 
sometimes bluish. 
The young male is exactly like the adult"; the only evidence of immaturity being in the 
shorter and more curved bill, as well as the smaller size. 
Specimens from New Leon are much smaller than those from California, as shown by a male, 
(4033,) in which the wing is half an inch shorter than in California specimens. Many speci- 
mens have a few red tipped feathers in the posterior edge of the pectoral collar, but it is not 
found in all. Specimens from the Coppermines are about the size of Californian. 
List of specimens. 
Sex. 
Locality. 
When collected. 
Whence obtained. 
Orign'] 
No. 
Collected by — 
Length. 
Extent. 
Wing. 
Umpqua valley, 0. T. 
, 1855 
do 
Dr. Newberry. 
do 
s 
Q 
a 
Petaluma, Cal 
do 
May — , 1856 
July — 1856 
do 
E. Samuels 
156 
157 
66 
do 
do 
do 
San Francisco 
Winter '53-' 54 
Nov. — , 1855 
R. D. Cutts 
do 
Santa Clara, Cal 
9 
s 
do 
Lt. Williamson.. 
Dr. Heermann . 
do 
do 
do 
do 
Santa Isabel, Cal 
Dec. 26,1854 
June — , 1856 
Major Emory 
Mr. Schott 
Los Nogales, Mexico . 
Copper Mines, N. M.. 
do 
Dr. Kennedy . 
Mr. Clark 
do 
Fort Thorn, New Mex. 
Dr. S. C. Henry 
3 
3 
New Leon, Mexico 
do 
, 1853 
Lt. Couch 
162 
196 
8.75 
16. 
5. 25 
do 
MELANERPES TORQUATUS, Bonap. 
Lewis's Woodpecker. 
Picus torqmtus, Wilson, Am. Orn. Ill, 1811, 31 ; pi. xx.— Wagler, Syst. Av, 1827, No. 82.— Aud. Orn. Biog. 
V, 1839, 176 ; pi. 416.— Ib. Birds Amer. IV, 1842, 280 ; pi. 272. 
Melanerpes torquatus, Bp. Consp. 1850, 115.— Heermann. J. A. N. Sc. Phil. 2d ser. II, 1853, 270.— Newberry, 
Zool. Cal. & Or. Route, 90 ; in P. R. R. Surv. VI, 1857. 
Picus montanus, Ord, in Guthrie's Geog. 2d Am. ed. II, 1815, 316. 
Picus lewisii, Drapiez. (Gray.) 
Sp. Ch. — Feathers on the under parts bristle-like. Fourth quill longest ; then third and fifth. Above dark glossy green. 
Breast, lower part of the neck and a narrow collar all round hoary grayish white. Around the base of the bill and sides of 
the head to behind the eyes, dark crimson. Belly blood red, streaked finely with hoary whitish. Wings and tail entirely uniform 
dark glossy green. Female with the markings more obscure. Length about 10 J inches ; wing 61. 
Hab. — Western America from Black hills to Pacific. 
