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U. 8. P. E. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS — ZOOLOGY — GENERAL REPORT. 
TURDUS (PLANESTICUS 1 ) MIGRATORIUS, Linn. 
Robin. 
Turdus migratorius, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. I, 17GC, 292.— Forster, Philos. Trans. LXII, 1772, 382.— Vieillot, Ois. 
Am. Sept. II, 1807, 5; pi. lx, Ixi.— Wilson, Am. Orn. I, 1808, 35 ; pi. ii.— Doughty, Cab. 
Nat. Hist. I, 1830, 133 ; pi. xii.— Brehm, Handbuch Vog. Deutsch. 1831, 388, (European 
spec. ) — Audubon, Orn. Biog. II, 1834, 190 ; pi. 131.— Ib. Birds Amer. Ill, 1841, 14 ; pi. 142 — 
Bonaparte, Conspectus, 1850, 272.— Newberry, Zool. Cal. and Or. Route, 81 ; Rep. P. R. 
R. Surv. VI, 1857. 
Merula migratoria, Sw. & Rich, Fauna Bor. Amer. II, 1831, 176. 
Planesticus migratorius, Bonaparte. (?) 
Turdus canadensis, Brisson, Orn. II, 1760,225. 
Sr. Ch. — Third and fourth quills about equal ; fifth a littlo shorter ; second longer than sixth. Tail slightly rounded. Above 
olive gray ; top and sides of the head black. Chin and throat white, streaked with black. Eyelids, and a spot above the eye 
anteriorly, white. Under parts and inside of the wings, chestnut brown. The under tail coverts and anal region, with tibiae 
white, showing the plumbeous inner portions of the feathers. Wings dark brown, the feathers all edged more or less with pale 
ash. Tail still darker, the extreme feathers tipped with white. Bill yellow, dusky along the ridge and at the lip. Length, 
9 75 ; wing, 5.43 ; tail, 4.75 ; tarsus, 1.25. 
Hab. — Continent of North America to Mexico. 
It is very seldom that specimens exhibit the colors exactly as described. Nearly always in 
winter, and in most cases at other times, the rufons feathers are margined with whitish, some- 
times quite obscuring the color. The black feathers of the head, too, have brownish edgings. 
The white spot above the eye sometimes extends forwards towards the nostrils, but is usually 
quite restricted. The white patches on the two eyelids are separated from each other, anteriorly 
and posteriorly. 
The young bird differs in having the back with transverse blackish bars, the underparts 
thickly marked with black in transversely elongated blackish spots. The chin and throat are 
white, with a maxillary brown streak only. The shafts of the lesser coverts are streaked with 
brownish yellow, and the back feathers with white. 
Sometimes, especially in winter specimens, the olive gray of the back is much glossed with 
yellowish brown. The shade of rufous beneath varies from light cinnamon to dark chestnut. 
I have never seen any approach in any of the many west coast specimens before me to the 
Turdus rufopalliatus of Lafresnaye, said to have been collected at Monterey, California, and 
suspect that this locality is erroneous, as many of those given for the collections of the "Voyage 
de la Venus" certainly are. It probably was really taken at Acapulco or elsewhere, on the 
southern Mexican coast. 
1 Planesticus, Bonaparte, Comptes Rendus, 1854, Notes Orn. Delattre, 27. According to Gray synonymous with Cichlopsis, 
Cabanis, 1850. (?) 
