300 
U. S P. E. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS — ZOOLOGY — GENERAL REPORT. 
PYRANGA, Vieill. 
Pyranga, Vieillot, Ois. Am. Sept. I, 1807, iv.— Ib. Analyse, 1816, 32. — Sclater, Pr. Zool. Soc. 1856, 123. 
Pkoenisoma, Swainson, Class. Birds, II, 1837, 284. 
Ch. — Bill somewhat straight; sub-conical, cylindrical, notched at tip; culmen moderately curved ; commissure with a median 
acute lobe. Wings elongated ; the four first primaries about equal. Tail moderate, slightly forked. Colors of the male chiefly 
scarlet, of the female yellowish. 
The rictus is well provided with bristles, which bend downwards, hut if brought forward 
would reach the nostrils. These are rounded, and are closely crowded by the frontal feathers. 
The tarsus is shorter than the middle toe, scutellate anteriorly, and smooth on the sides behind. 
The lateral toes are about equal ; the basal joint of the middle toe united for half its length to 
the inner toe, and by almost the whole length to the outer. 
The species may be distinguished by the following diagnoses, borrowed from Mr. Sclater: 
Male. Bright scarlet red. Wings and tail black rubra. 
Male. Light red ; back a little more dusky. Bill light horn color, the edges and tips 
paler ; aestiva. 
Male. Dark scarlet red, tinged with ashy on the back and sides. Bill plumbeous black. 
Feet brownish black « hepatica. 
Male. Yellow ; The interscapular region, wings, and tail, black. Wings with two 
whitish bands. Head and throat tinged with scarlet ludoviciana. 
Comparativ i measurements of species. 
Catal. 
No. 
Species. 
Locality. 
Sex. | Length. 
Stretch 
ul'wings. 
Wing 
Tail. 
Tarsus. 
Middle 
Its claw 
alone. 
Bill 
above. 
Along 
gape. 
Specimens 
measured. 
Remarks. 
Carlisle. Pa . . 
-■ d0 
3 
q" 
6.32 
7.41 
6.08 
7.00 
6.30 
7.00 
7.20 
7.60 
6.54 
7.60 
4.88 
3.68 
3.91 
3.70 
3.00 
0.74 
0.73 
0.22 
0.63 
0.76 
11.75 
do 
....do 
2.90 
0.70 
0.72 
0.24 
0.60 
0.73 
11.25 
Q 
3.81 
3.96 
3 70 
3.50 
3.96 
2.70 
3.20 
0.76 
0.76 
0.22 
0.70 
0.84 
11.25 
3 
3 
3 
3 06 
3.00 
3.64 
0.78 
0.80 
0.80 
o'S 
0.54 
0.76 
0.72 
0.75 
0.76 
0.72 
0.60 
0.22 
0.24 
0.20 
0.22 
0.24 
0.16 
0.78 
0.72 
0.63 
0.60 
0.72 
0.27 
0.83 
0.81 
0.77 
0.68 
0.78 
0.44 
Pyranga ludoviciana . .. 
Mounted .... 
Posa creek. .. 
3 
Euphonia elcgantissima. 
Texas 
PYRANGA BUBKA, Vieillot. 
Scarlet Tanager. 
Tanagra rubra, Linn. I, 1766, 314.— Gmelin, I, 1788, 889.— Wilson, Am. Orn. II, 1810, 42 ; pi. xi, f. 3, 4.— Aud 
Orn. Biog. IV, 1838, 3i8 ; pi. 354. 
Pyranga rubra, Vieillot, Ois. Am. Sept. 1, 18U7, iv ; pi. i, f. 12. (Head.)— Swainson, F. Bor. Am. II, 1831,273.— 
Bon. List. 1838.— Ib. Conspectus, 185^.— Aud. Syn. 1839, 136.— Ib. Birds Amer. II, 1841, 226 ; 
pi. 209.— Sclater, Pr. Zool. Soc. 1855, 156.— Ib. 1856, 123. 
Phoenisoma rubra, Sw. Birds, II, 1837, 284. 
Phoenicosoma rubra, Cab Mus. Hein. 1851, 24. 
Pyranga erythromelas, Vieillot, " Encyc. Meth. 800."— Ib. Nouv. Diet. XXVIII, 1817, 293. 
