BIRDS — SYLVICOLIDAE PYRANGA AESTIVA. 
301 
gp, Ch. Bill shorter than the head. Second quill longest'- first and third a little shorter. Tail moderately forked. Generii 1 
color of male bright carmine. Wings and tail velvet black the quills internally edged with white towards the base. Female 
olive green above, yellowish beneath. Wing and tail feathe brown, edged with olivaceous. Length, 7.40 ; wing, 4.00 ; tail 
3.00. 
# a &. — Eastern United States to the Missouri river. 
The young males are colored like the females, but generally exhibit more or less of red 
feathers among the greenish ones. Sometimes the full plumage is varied by a few yellow- 
feathers, or by olivaceous edges to the wings. Not unfrequently there is a partly concealed bar 
of red or yellow (1566) on the wing, across the median coverts. Young males are sometimes 
seen with the body like the female, the wings and tail like the male. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. 
No. 
Sex. 
Locality. 
When col- 
lected. 
Whence obtained. 
Orig. 
No. 
Collected by — 
Length. 
Stretch 
Wing. 
Remarks. 
1085 
1493 
1566 
1425 
7463 
8306 
8331 
8305 
8233 
8380 
8298 
8377 
8304 
8347 
7026 
3 
3 
3 
9 
9 
June 30, 1843 
May 10, 1844 
May 22, 1844 
May 2,184) 
7.25 
7.41 
7.00 
12.00 
11 50 
11.75 
11.25 
4.50 
3.83 
3.91 
3.75 
Onion county, III 
Independence, Mo. . . 
April 30 
3 
3 
3 
3 
9 
9 
3 
3 
3 
3 
May 27, 1857 
June 3, 1857 
May 27, 1857 
May 29, 1857 
June 20, 1857 
VI ay 26, 1857 
June 20, 1857 
May 27, 1857 
June 18, 1857 
May 8, 1857 
Win. M. Magraw. 
do 
do 
do 
do 
do 
21 
54 
20 
44 
84 
11 
19 
74 
Dr. Cooper... 
do 
do 
....do 
do 
do 
7.25 
7.50 
6.75 
7.25 
7.50 
7.12 
7.25 
7.00 
11.25 
12.01) 
11.25 
11.25 
11.50 
11.75 
13.25 
11.25 
4.00 
4.00 
4 00 
4 00 
3.75 
4.00 
4.25 
4.00 
Iris brown, bill olive, feet gray. 
do do 
do do 
do 
do do 
do 
do 
St. Loui , Mo 
do 
do 
.... do 
W. S. Wood. 
Iris brown. bill black, feet lead. 
Iris brown, bill black and yel- 
do do 
do 
PYRANGA AESTIVA, V i e i 1 1 o t . 
Summer Red Bird. 
Musckapa rubra, Linn. Syst. Nat. I, 1766, 326. 
Tanagra aestiva, Gmelin, I, 1788, 889.— Wilson, I, 1810, 95 ; pi. vi, f. 3.— Aud. Orn. Biog. I, 1831, 232 : V, 1839, 
518 ; pi. 44. 
Fyranga aestixa, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. XXVItl, 1819, 291 .—Bon. List, 1838.— Ib. Conspectus, 1850.— Aud. Syn. 1839, 
136.— Ib. Birds Amer. 111, 1841, 222 ; pi. 208.— Sclater, Pr. Zool. Soc. 1855, 156.— Ib. 1856, 123. 
Phoenisoma aestiva, Sw. Birds, II, 1837, 284. 
Phoen cosoma aestiva, Cabanis, Mus. Hein. 1851, 25. 
? Loxia virginica, Gmelin, I, 1788, 849. Male changing.) 
? Tunagra mississippiensis, Gmelin, I, 1788, 889. 
Tanagra variegata, Lath. Ind. Orn. I, 1790, 422. (Male changing.) 
Tangare du Mississippi, Buffon, Ois. V, 63 ; pi. enl. 741. 
Sp. Ch. — Bill nearly as long as the head, without any me ian tooth. Tail nearly even, or slightly round d. Male, ver- 
milion red ; a little darker above, and brightest on the head. Quills brown, the outer webs like the back. Shafts only of the 
tail feathers brown. Bill light horn color, more yellowish at the edges. Female, olive above, yellow beneath, with a tinge of 
reddish. Length, 7.20 ; wing, 3.75; I il, 3.00. 
Hah. — South Atlantic and Gulf States, throug Texas, and south to Guatemala. 
The shade of red varies somew' at in the specimen, the shade bjing sometimes more rose. It 
is always quite different from that uf P. rubra. The female lacks the pure olive and yellow 
