BIRDS BOMBYCILLIDAE AMPELIS GAEEULA. 317 
Comparative measurements of species. 
Catal. 
No. 
Species. 
Locality. 
Sex. 
Length. 
Stretch 
Wing. 
Tail. 
Tarsus. 
Middle 
alone. 
Bill 
above. 
Along 
gape. 
Specimen 
measured 
1617 
do. 
do. 
5818 
3 
7.25 
6.10 
6.00 
3.80 
4.00 
3.64 
3.75 
2.59 
2.58 
0.68 
0.64 
0.80 
0.70 
0.22 
O.20 
0.44 
0.39 
0.66 
0.64 
Dry 
12.00 
Fresh .... 
Dry 
Q 
11.00 
Ampelis garrulus 
3.10 
0.76 
0.90 
0.27 
0.46 
0.76 
AMPELIS GrARRULUS, Linn. 
Wax- wing ; Bohemian Chatterer. 
" Lanius garrulus, Linn. Fauna Suecica, 2, No. 82." 
Ampelis garrulus, Linn. Syst. Nat. I, 1766, 297.— Bonap. 2d List, 1842.— Ib. Conspectus, 1850, 336. 
Bombycilla garrula, Bonap. Zool. Jour. Ill, 1827, 50.— Ib. Synopsis, 1828, 438.— Ib. Am. Orn. Ill, 1828, pi. xvi.— 
Rich. F. B. A. II, 1831, 237— Aud. Orn. Biog IV, 1838, 462; pi. 363.— Ib. Birds Amor. IV, 
1842, 169; pi. 246.— Keys, and Blas. Wirb. Europas, I, 1840, 167. 
Sp. Ch. — Highly crested. General color brownish ash, with a faint shade of reddish, especially anteriorly ; the forehead, 
sides of the head, and under tail coverts, brownish orange ; the hinder parts purer ash ; the region about the vent white. 
Primaries and tail feathers plumbeous black, especially towards the tips ; the tail with a terminal band of yellow. A narrow 
frontal line passing backward and involving the eye, and extending above and behind it. Chin and upper part of throat black. 
Tips of the secondary coverts, and a spot on the end of the outer webs of all the quills, white ; those on the inner primaries 
glossed with yellow. Secondaries with red horny tips, like sealing wax. Side of the lower jaw whitish. Length, 7.40 ; 
wing, 4.50 ; tail, 3. 
Hah. — Northern parts of both continents. Seen in the United States only in severe winters, except along the great lakes . 
In the Mississippi valley south to Fort Riley. 
This species, with the general appearance of the cedar bird, is readily distinguished by its 
superior size ; much larger crest ; black chin and throat, instead of chin alone ; brownish 
chestnut under tail coverts, instead of white, and the white marks on the wing not found at all 
in the other. In the closed wing, the white on the ends of the primaries forms a continuous 
narrow stripe nearly parallel with the outer edge of the wing. 
The specimen from Fort Riley is probably the most southwestern one on record in North 
America. 
I have no authentic skins of the European Bombycilla garrula before me, but as many 
careful comparisons have been made between specimens from the two continents, they may 
be pretty fairly considered as identical. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. No. 
Sex. 
Locality. 
When collected. 
Whence obtained. 
5810 
5791 
5875 
1871 
3 
Racine, Wis 
Dr. P. R. Hoy 
Cleveland, Ohio - -„ 
Fort Riley, K. T 
Dr. J. P. Kirtland 
Dr. W. A. Hammond 
S. F. Baird 

