384 
XL S. P. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS — ZOOLOGY GENERAL REPORT. 
Comparative measurements of species. 
823 Lophophanes bii 
10:18 
C752 
6757 
6515 
do. 
3340 
9220 
9221 
Loptiophan 
Lophophan 
Lophophanes cristatus . . 
Lophophanes wollwebcri 
.do 
Wellington, U. C . 
Fort Leavenworth. 
Fort Clarke, Texas 
Petaluma, Cal 
do 
California 
Dpe. 
Middle Its cla 
0.71 
0.03 
0.C7 
0.52 
0.50 
0 58 
0.23 
0.16 
Along Specii 
gape.! measured. 
Skin ., 
Fresh . 
Skin ., 
Fresh , 
Skin... 
Skin ., 
Skin .. 
Skin ., 
LOPHOPHANES BICOLOR, Bon. 
Tufted Titmouse. 
Parus bicolor, Link. Syst. Nat. I, 1766, 340.— Wilson, Am. Orn. I, 1808, 137; pi. viii, f. 5. — Bonap. Obs. Wils. 
J. A. N. S. IV, 1825, 225.— Ib. List, 1838.— Aud. Orn. Biog. I, 1831, 199 : V, 1839, 472; pi. 
301.— Ib. Birds America, II, 1841, 143 ; pi. 125. 
Lophophanes bicolor, Bp. List Birds Europe, 1842.— Ib. Conspectus, 1850, 228.— Cassin, Illust. I, 1853, 18. 
Baer tophus bicolor, Cabanis, Mus. Hein. 1851, 91. Type. 
Sr. Ch. — Above ashy black ; a frontal band. Beneath dull whitish ; sides brownish chestnut, of more or less intensity. 
Length, 6.25 inches ; wing, 3.17. 
Hub. — Eastern North America to the Missouri river. 
Feathers of the crown elongated into a flattened crest, which extends back as far as the * 
occiput. Bill conical ; lower edge of upper mandible nearly straight at the base. Fourth and 
fifth quills equal ; third a little shorter than seventh ; second rather shorter than the secondaries. 
Tail nearly even, the outer about .20 of an inch shorter than the longest. Upper parts ash 
color, with a tinge of olivaceous. Forehead dark sooty brown. The feathers of the upper part 
of the head and crest obscurely streaked with lighter brown. Under parts of head and body, 
sides of head, including auriculars, and a narrow space above the eye, dirty yellowish white, 
tinged with brown ; purest on the side of head, the white very distinct in the loral region, and 
including the tuft of bristly feathers over the nostrils, excepting the tips of those in contact 
with the bill, which are blackish. The sides of the body and the under tail coverts are tinged 
with yellowish brown. The quills and tail feathers are edged with the color of the back, without 
any whitish. Bill black. Feet lead color. 
Specimens from the west differ from eastern ones almost enough to constitute distinct species. 
They are considerably larger ; the crest longer. The bill is blacker and more sinuate along the 
cutting edge of the upper mandible. The black of the forehead is deeper and more sharply 
defined. The brownish rusty of the sides is much more conspicuous, while the under tail coverts 
are much lighter, almost pure white. Should these be considered as sufficiently distinctive 
characters by ornithologists, the species might bear the name of Lophophanes missouriensis, from 
the river on or near which all the specimens before me were collected. 
