BIRDS PARIDAE PAEUS OCCIDENTALIS. 
391 
and conspicuously edged with the same ; larger coverts edged with dirty whitish. Outer wehs 
of tail feathers edged with white, purest and occupying half the weh in the external one, nar- 
rowing and less clear to the central feathers, the basal portions, especially, assuming more the 
color of the back. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. 
No. 
Sex. 
Locality. 
When collected. 
Whence obtained. 
Length. 
Stretch 
of wings 
Wing. 
830 
803 
9 
Oct. 22. 1842 
0:t. 14, 1842 
S. F. Baird - 
.do 
77 
4. 92 
7. 75 
7. 75 
2. 50 
2. 42 
PAliUS OCCIDENTALIS, Baird. 
Western Titmouse. 
g P Ch. — Tarsi lengthened. Tail graduated ; outer feather about .25 of an inch shorter than the middle. 
Above dark brownish ash ; head and neck above and below black, separated on the sides by white ; beneath light dirty, rusty 
yellowish brown, scarcely whiter along the middle of body. Tail and wings not quite so much edged witli whitish as in 
P. utricaplllus. 
Length, about 4.75 ; wing, 2.40 ; tail, 2.40. 
Hab. — North Pacific coast of United States. 
This species is of the same size as P. atricapillus, and resembles it in its markings ; the ashy 
of the back is, however, washed with a darker shade of yellowish brown. The brown of the 
under parts is so much darker as to cause the predominant color there to be a pale yellowish 
hrown, instead of brownish white. The fourth quill is longest ; the fifth and sixth a little shorter 
than the third ; the second is about as long as the secondaries. The tail is rounded, rather 
more so than in atricapillus, the difference in the lengths of the feathers amounting to about 
.25 of an inch. The amount of light margining to the quills and tail feathers is much as in 
atricapilus, but rather less, perhaps, on the tail. 
It is rather a hazardous undertaking to add another to the list of North American black- 
capped and throated titmice ; but if we have three good species now, instead of one, then the 
present is equally entitled to specific distinction with carolinensis and septentrionalis. In 
external form it resembles the typical atricapillus, as to average size, length of wing and tail, 
and general amount of white, differing in all these appreciably from septentrionalis. It is, 
however, more different from it, in its dark colors, almost brown beneath, than any of the others 
are among themselves, while the tarsi are even larger than in septentrionalis. 
This species seems to be the Pacific representative of the American black-capped titmice, as 
septentrionalis belongs to the middle region. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. 
No. 
Locality. 
When col- 
lected. 
Whence obtained. 
Orig'l 
No. 
Collected by — 
Length. 
Stretch 
"1 WillRS. 
Wing. 
Remarks. 
6763 
C768 
6762 
4538 
6767 
9219 
Shoalwater bay 
Sept. 12, 1854 
5.00 
4.50 
7.50 
7.50 
Port Vancouver, W. T 
Feb. 4, 1854 
do 
25 
Iris black 
St. Helen's, Columbia river 
Jan. 27, 1850 
209 
5.25 
7.E0 
2.50 
California 
