BIRDS — FRINGILLIDAE PIPILO OREGONUS. 
513 
The tail feathers are only moderately graduated on the sides ; the outer about .40 of an inch 
shorter than the middle. The outer tail feather has the terminal half white, the outline 
transverse ; the white of the second is about half as long as that of the first ; of the third half 
that of the second. The chestnut of the sides reaches forward to the black of the neck, and is 
visible when the wings are closed. 
A young bird has the prevailing color reddish olive above, spotted with lighter ; beneath 
brownish white, spotted thickly with brown. 
In most western specimens the white of the base of primaries is connected with that on the 
middle so as to have the entire edge of these quills white. One specimen, 8193, from Fort 
Leavenworth, has a few white spots on the scapulars only, the wing coverts without them, 
exhibiting an approach to P. arcticus. This is probably a hybrid between the two. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. 
No. 
Sex & 
age. 
Locality. 
When col- 
lected. 
Whence obtained. 
Orig'l 
No. 
Collected by — 
Length. 
Stretch 
ofwings. 
Wing. 
Remarks. 
820 
3374 
2135 
1652 
4835 
4833 
4832 
4828 
4R.1R 
3 
3 
3 
3 
0 
Oct. 19, 1812 
May 4, 1847 
8,50 
7.75 
8.75 
8.12 
8 
8.75 
7.75 
10.62 
8.02 
7.50 
7.75 
11.50 
10.07 
11.50 
11.00 
10.75 
11.00 
11.50 
10.50 
3.75 
11.00 
10.75 
11.00 
3.33 
3.33 
3.58 
3.42 
3.37 
3.50 
3.87 
3.25 
do 
April 23, 1815 
July 27, 1844 
April 22, 1856 
April 25, 1856 
St. Joseph's, Mo 
Bald Island, Mo. river.. 
hi. G. K. Warren. 
10 
Dr. F.V.Hayden 
"3" 
do 
do 
April 24, 1856 
do 
90 
do 
April 25, 1856 
do 
41 
42 
17 
fill Illlll i 
do 
do 
3.50 
3.12 
3.62 
April 23, 1856 
3 
Q 
3 
0 
0 
Lt. F. T. Bryan... 
W. M. Magravv.. 
60 
77 
56 
130 
129 
June 18, 1857 
Dr. Cooper 
10.75 
11.00 
11.25 
3.50 
3.75 
3.50 
Iris brown ; hill brown and 
yellow ; feet flesh color. 
do io 
Iris red; bill bl'k; ft. brown. 
Iris red; bill bl'k; ft. brown. 
? Hybrid, with arcticus. 
June 3, 1857 
July 13, 1857 
do 
8.00 
9 
do 
8.25 
11.25 
3.87 
i 
PIPILO OREGONUS, Bell. 
Oregon Ground Robin. 
Fipilo oregonus, Bell, Ann. N. Y. Lye. V, 1852, 6. Oregon.— Bon ap. Comptes Eendus, XXXVII, Dec. 1853, 
922.— Ib. Notes Orn. Delattre, 1854, 22, (same as prec.) 
Fringilla arctica, Aud. Orn. Biog. V, 1839, 49 ; pi. 394. 
Pipilo arctica, Aud. Syn. 1839, 123.— In. Birds Am. Ill, 1841, 164 ; pi. 194, (not of Swainson.) 
Hi 
Sr. Ch. — Upper surface generally, with the head and neck all round to the upper part of the hreast, deep black ; the rest of 
lower parts pure white, except the sides of the body and under tail coverts, which arc light chestnut brown ; the latter rather 
paler. The outer webs of scapulars ( usually edged narrowly with black) and of the superincumbent feathers of the back, 
with a rounded white spot at the end of the outer webs of the greater and middle coverts ; the outer edges of the innermost 
tertials, white ; no white at the base of the primaries. Outer web of the first tail feather black, occasionally white on the 
extreme edge ; the outer three with a white tip to the inner web. Length, 8.25 ; wing, 4.40 ; tail, 4. Female with the 
black replaced by brownish. 
Hah. — Coast of Oregon and Washington Territories. 
June 19, 1858. 
65 
