BIEDS — CORVIDAE PICICORVUS COLUMBIANUS. 573 
Comparative measurements of species. 
1 
1 
o 
4461 
8895 
do. 
8468 
do. 
Species. 
Locality. 
2 
Stretch of 
wings. 
Tail. 
B 
Middle toe. 
Its claw 
alone. 
Hind toe 
and claw. 
Hind claw 
alone. 
Bill above. 
Along gape. 
Ppecimwi 
measured. 
Picicorvus columbianus . 
do do 
do do 
Gyninokitta eyanocephala 
do do 
Cascade mountains . . 
12.60 
11. X 
12.50 
9.66 
10.00 
7.70 
7.03 
7.12 
fi.00 
5.16 
4.73 
1.36 
1.42 
1.S4 
1.46 
0.51 
0.52 
1.73 
1.80 
1.73 
1.03 
1.06 
0.56 
0.60 
Skin 
Rawhide peak, Neb.. 
75 miles west of Al- 
buquerque. 
9 
21 .51 
4.70 
1.12 
0.36 
1.34 
1.40 
0.84 
0.44 
18.00 
Fresh 
I 
PICICORVUS COLUMBIANUS, Bon. 
Clarke's Crow. 
Corvus columbianus, Wilson, Am. Orn. Ill, 1811, 29 ; pi. xx.— Bon. Obs. Wilson, 1824, No. 38.— Ib. Syn. 1828, 
57.— Nuttali., I, 1832, 218. 
Nucifraga columbiana, Aur>. Orn. Biog. IV, 1838, 459 ; pi. 3f>2.— Ib. Syn. 1839, 156.— Ib. Birds Amer. IV, 1842, 
127 ; pi. 235.— Bon List, 1838.— Nuttall, Man. I, 2d ed 251. 
Picicorvus columbianus, Bonap. Consp. 1850, 384. — Newberry, P. R. R. Rep. VI, iv, 1837, 83. 
" Co: vus megonyx, Wagler. " 
Sp. Ch. — Tail rounded or moderately graduated, the closed wings reaching nearly to its tip. Fourth quill longest ; secon 
considerably shorter than the sixth. General color bluish ash, changing on the nasal feathers, the forehead, sides of head, 
(especially around the eye,) and chin, to white. The wings, including their inner surface, greenish black, the secondaries and 
tertials, except the innermost, broadly tipped with white ; tail white, the inner web of the fifth feather and the whole of the sixth, 
with the upper tail coverts, greenish black. The axillars plumbeous black. Bill and feet black. 
1 ength of male, (fresh,) 12 inches ; wing, 7 ; tail, 4.30 ; tarsus, 1.20. 
Hub.— From Rocky mountains to Pacific. East to Fort Kearney. 
The tail of this species is nearly even, or hut slightly rounded, the lateral feathers heing 
about .20 of an inch shorter than the other white ones. Sometimes, however, the middle black 
feathers project beyond the rest for nearly half an inch. 
There is considerable variation in the size of this species, as well as a striking difference in the 
length of the bill. Thus, in 4460, from the Cascade mountains, the bill is nearly two inches long, 
slender and attenuated, exceeding by half an inch that of 8239. The length is 12.50 inches ; 
wing, 7.50 ; tail, 4.65. The general color is sometimes quite pale bluish ash, becoming appre- 
ciably lighter on the head. The female is quite similar. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. 
No. 
Sex. 
Locality. 
When col- 
lected. 
Whence obtained. Orig'l 
No. 
Collected by— 
Length. 
Stretch 
ol wings. 
Wing. 
Remarks. 
8472 
8240 
8239 
8878 
8870 
8871 
8872 
8874 
8875 
1929 
6999 
8473 
8475 
8474 
4460 
4461 
8470 
8471 
3 
9 
3 
Sept. 2,1853 
Oct. 24,1857 
11.75 
12.25 
12.00 
11.00 
11.00 
11.25 
12.00 
21.50 
22.00 
22.00 
20.00 
21.50 
21.50 
24.00 
7.12 
7.75 
7.75 
7.00 
7.00 
7.25 
7.50 
30 miles east of Ft. Kearney. 
W. M. Magiaw... 
222 
221 
Bill and feet black. 
T.f Wni-i-Mn 
Dr. Hayden 
do 1 
"s" 
9 
3 
9 
12.50 
21.50 
7.12 
June 16,1834 
July 26,1857 
S. F. Baiid 
Lt. Bryan 334 
J. K. Townsend.. 
75 miles west, of Albuquerque 
Nov. 15,1853 
Nov. 16,1853 
Kennedy St Mull. 
Yakima river, W. T 
Aug. 5, 1853 
Sept. 1,1853 
Gov. Stevens.. .. 
do 
29 
10 
