BIRDS — SOOLOPACIDAE — TRINGA MARITIMA. 
717 
feathers of the hack, however, lack that distinct whitish border with the dark line margining 
it inside, while canutus is without the black or dark brown central areas in the scapulars and 
back. 
The bird here described was shot on the 24th of May, 1833, on Eaynor South, Long Island, 
by Mr. Wm. Cooper, and I take much pleasure in giving to it his name, as that of almost the 
only living member of the band of zealous ornithologists who years ago studied the birds of 
North America, especially of the Atlantic coast, with so much zeal and success. Of these Wilson, 
Say, Audubon, Bonaparte, and DeKay, have passed away, while Peale and Cooper still remain. 
It is possible that this species may have been previously indicated under some of the names 
quoted as synonyms, such as Tringa noveboracensis, &c, although, from the brevity of the 
•descriptions, it is impossible to determine this point satisfactorily. — S. F. B. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. Number. 
Locality. 
When collected. 
Whence obtained. 
Raynor South, L. I May 24, 1833 
Win. Cooper 
Arquatella, B 
TRINGA MARITIMA, Briinnich. 
Purple Sandpiper. 
Tringa maritima, Brunnich, Orn. Bor. 1764, 54.— Bon. Am. Om. III.— Nutt . Man. II, 115.— Aud. Orn. Biog. Ill, 
1835, 558 ; pi. 284.— Ib. Birds Amer. V, 1842, 261 ; pi. 330. 
Pelidna maritima, Bon. List. 1842. 
? Tringa striata, Linn, Syst. I, 1766, 248. 
Tringa nigricans, Montagu, Linn. Trans. IV, 1796, 40 ; pi. ii. 
Tringa arquatella, Pallas, Zoog. Rosso-As. II, 1811, 190. 
Figures.— Aud B. of Am. pi. 284 ; oct. ed. V, pi. 330. Gould B. of Eur. IV, pi. 344. Naumann B. of Germ. pi. 188. 
Sp. Ch. — Bill rather longer than ihe head, straight, comprfssed ; nasal groove long ; wings long ; tail short, rounded ; legs 
moderate; to»s free at base, flattened underneath and slightly margined ; hind toe small. Entire head and upper parts dark 
smoky brown, with a purple and violet tinge, strongest on the back and scapulars. Under parts from the breast white, generally 
with longitudinal spots of dark ashy. Wing coverts more or less edged and tipped with white ; quills brownish black, edged 
with white ; middle tail feathers brownish black, outer feathers lighter, with their shafts white ; axillaries and under wing 
coverts white. Bill yellow at base, dark at tip ; legs yellow. Total length about 8 to 9 inches ; wing 5 ; tail 2| ; bill from 
gape, 1 .{ ; tarsus, 1 inch. 
Hab.— Eastern North America; Europe. 
The purple sandpiper, though not an abundant species, is frequently met with on the shores 
of the Atlantic, where it is diffused throughout the extent of temperate North America. It is 
also a winter visitant to tropical and South America. American and European specimens appear 
absolutely identical. 
List of specimens. 
Catal 
No. 
519 
10396 
8658 
No. of 
spec. 
Locality. 
1 New York 
2 Philadelphia 
3 Key Biscayne, Fl 
When collected 
Whence obtained. 
S. F. Baird 
do... 
Ix. Wui'demaiin 
Collected by— 
A. Galbraith. 
