BIRDS FULIGULINAE — FULIX AFFINIS. 
791 
FULIX MAKILA, Baird. 
Big Black-head; Scaup Duck. 
itifls marila, Linn. Syst. Nat. I, 1766, ]96.— Gm. I, 1788, 509 Wilson, Am. Orn. VIII, 1814, 84 ; pi. lxix. 
Fvligula marila, Steph. Shaw's Gen. Zool. Birds XII, n, 1824, 198.— ?Sw. F. Bor. Am. II, 1831, 456.— Bon. List, 
1838 — Aud. Birds Am. VII, 1843, 355 ; pL 498.— Giraud, Birds L. Island, 1844, 321. (marila.) 
Eyton, Mod. Anat. 156. 
Jlythya marila, Bon. List Birds Europe, 1842. 
" Jnasfrenata, Sparrmann, Mus. Carlos. 1786." (Female.) 
Marila frenata, Bonap. Comptes Rendus, XLIII, Sept. 1856. 
Fuligula gesneri, (Will.) Jardine, Brit. Birds, IV, 138 ; pi. v. 
Scaup duck, Pennant, Latham. 
Broad-bill; Blue-bill; Shuffler; Vulgo. 
Sp. Ch. — Head and neck all round, jugulum and shoulders, lower part of back, tail, and coverts black ; the head with a gloss 
of dark green on the sides. Rest of under parts white ; feathers on the lower part of belly and on the sides, the long feathers 
of the flanks, the interscapulum, and the scapulars, white, waved in zigzag transversely with black. Greater and middle wing 
coverts similarly marked, but more finely and obscurely. Greater coverts towards the tip, and the tertials, greenish black ; the 
speculum is white, bordered behind by greenish black ; the white extending across the whole central portion of the secondaries . 
Outer primaries and tips of all brownish black ; inner ones pale gray ; the central line dusky. Axillars and middlo of the 
inferior surface of the wing white. Bill blue ; the nail black. Legs plumbeous. 
Female with the head brown ; the region all round the base of the bill white ; the undulations of black and white on tho 
feathers wanting, or but faintly indicated above. Length, 20 ; wing, 9 ; tarsus, 1.58 ; commissure, 2.1G. 
Hub. — Whole of North America and Europe. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. 
No. 
Sex. 
Locality. 
When col- 
lected. 
Whence obtained. 
Orig'l 
No. 
Collected by — 
Length. 
Stretch 
Wing. 
8.75 
9.00 
2521 
1193 
5136 
Q 
S 
3 
Carlisle, Pa 
Oct. 16,1845 
Dec. —,1843 
18.75 
20.00 
31.50 
34.50 
Selkirk Settlement, Red river... 
Feb. 20,1855 
20 
18.00 
30.00 
8.50 
9867 
9663 
9866 
9865 
9549 
Lieut. Williamson 
Feb. —,1855 
Jan. 20,1854 
3 
Port Steilacoom 
20 
FULIX AFFINIS, Baird. 
Little Black-head ; Blue-bill. 
.Unas marila, Forster, Phil. Trans. LXII, 1772, No. 44. (Not of Linn.) 
Fuligula marila, Aud. Orn. Biog. Ill, 1835, 226 : V, 1839, 614 ; pi. 229.— Ib. Syn. 286.— Ib. Birds Amcr. VI, 1843, 
316 ; pi. 397. (Not of Stephens.) 
Fuligula affinis, Eyton, Mon. Anat. 1838, 157. (N. Am. sp.)— Gosse, Birds Jamaica, 1847. 
Marila affinis, Bon. Comptes Rendus, XLIII, Sept. 1856. 
Fuligula mariloides, Vigors, Zool. Blossom, 1839, 31. (N. Am.) (Not of Yarrell, Brit. Birds.) 
Fuligula minor, Giraud, Birds L. Island, 1844, 323. 
Sp. Ch. — Bill blue ; the nail black. Head, neck, fore part of breast, and back anterior to the shoulder, lower part of back, 
tail and its coverts, black; the head with violet purple reflections changing occasionally to green. The belly and sides, with axillars, 
and central portion of inner surfaces of wings, pure white. The lower part of the belly, near the anus, undulated finely with black 
spots. The interscapular region and scapulars white, with transverse zigzag bands or lines of black, these lines much further apart 
in the scapulars, which, consequently, are whiter. Wings blackish ; the lesser and middle coverts sprinkled with grayish. The 
