814 U. S. P. R, E. EXP. AND SURVEYS— ZOOLOGY GENERAL REPORT. 
edged, externally, with the same. The primaries and outer secondaries are black ; the latter 
tipped with paler. 
The female has a compressed occipital and nuchal crest ; the head and neck chestnut brown; 
the chin yellowish white ; the upper parts entirely bluish gray ; the under parts like the male. 
The white on the wing is confined to the secondaries and the greater coverts, which are black at 
the base and brown at the end, producing a bar. The tertials are entirely plumbeous. The 
brown bar at the end of the greater coverts is sometimes wanting, leaving the speculum white. 
According to Mr. Cassin the American "sheldrake," or goosander, differs from the European 
in having the prolonged feathers of the head almost restricted to the occiput and neck behind, 
while in the other species they begin almost at the base of the billj, and are erectile and crest- 
like. On the greater wing coverts of the American bird there is always an exposed and 
conspicuous bar of black, which in the European is entirely concealed by the lesser coverts. 
Bonaparte says that the bill of the American species is shorter and thicker. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. 
No. 
Sex. 
Locality. 
When col- 
lected. 
Whence obtained. 
Orig'l 
No. 
Collected by — 
Length. 
Stretch 
Wing. 
Remarks. 
1304 
5473 
5140 
5139 
9878 
9881 
9880 
4413 
9879 
9877 
8 
Q 
Mar. 21, 1844 
Nov. 25, 1842 
Aug. 16, 1856 
Nov. 19, 1855 
Nov. 17, 1855 
26.50 
23.25 
38.25 
33.50 
11.00 
9.75 
Dr. Harden.... 
9 
160 
26.50 
38.50 
12.00 
Feet red, bill red and 
black, eyes black. 
Q 
St. Mary's Mission, R. mts. 
Boca Grande, Mexico 
Oct. 20, 1853 
Mar. — , 1855 
Dec. 9, 1853 
Jan. 7, 1855 
Gov. Stevens... 
8 
Bill and feet vermilion.. 
155i 
April — , 1854 
Gov. Stevens 
68 
MEEGUS SEEEATOE, Linn. 
Red-breasted Merganser. 
Hergus serrator, Linn. Syet. Nat. I, 1766, 208.— Gm. I, 546.— Wilson, Am. Orn. VIII, 1814, 81 ; pi. lxix.— Bon. Obs. 
1S25, No. 249.— Sw. F. Bor. Am. II, 1831, 462.— Nottaix, Man. II, 1834, 463.— Eyton, Mon. 
183S, 175.— Aud. Orn. Biog. V, 1839, 92; pi. 401.— Ib. Syn. 298.— Ib. Birds Am. VI, 1843, 395; 
pi. 412. 
Merganser serrator, Steph. Shaw's Gen. Zool. XII, 1824, 165.— Bon. List, 1838. 
Mergus cristatus and serratus, Brunn. Orn. Bor. 1761, 23. 
g P . Ch. Feathers of the forehead extending on the bill in a short obtuse angle, and falling far short of the end of those on the 
sides ; the outline of the latter sloping rapidly forwards, and reaching halfway from the posterior end of the lower edge of bill 
to the nostrils, and far beyond those on the side of lower jaw. Nostrils narrow, posterior ; their posterior outline opposite the 
end' of basal third of commissure. 
3Iale. Head with conspicuous pointed occipital crest. Head and upper part of neck, all around, dark green ; under parts 
reddish white. Jugulum reddish brown, streaked with black. Sides conspicuously barred transversely with fine lines of black. 
Feathers anterior to wing, white, margined with black. White of wing crossed by two bars of black. 
Female. Head with compressed occipital crest; chestnut brown. Body above ash; beneath reddish white. The black at base 
of secondaries exposed; outer tertials white, edged with black. 
Length, 23.25 ; wing, 8.60; tarsus, 1. 80 ; commissure, 2.76. 
Hub Whole o North America and Europe. 
