WILEY <S CO.. CAYUQA, W. Y. 
Big fruit the<^*<5* pawner Co., Kan. 
Second year.^j* ^^'"-"'^ * ^-'ay^ga. n. y.. 
Gentlemen: Your trees have made a wonderful 
growth, and all came into full bearing last year. Admired by all who see 
them. We took first premium on three varieties of Plums and four varieties 
of Grapes at State Fair, fruit grown from your trees. We had three Beurre 
Clairgeau Pears grown on the dwarf trees'set last year that weighed three 
and a half pounds. F. F. HANSBURY. 
Distance 00«^«5^ I-os ANGbLKS Co., California.. 
Hindrance. ^ ^ • cayi^ga, n. y., 
Gentlemen: Plants arrived safely. Book my or- 
W. M. BURNETT. 
der for 5,000 more. 
Hints on Transplanting, Etc. 
Preparation of the Soil.— Prepare a rich, deep bed of mel- 
low soil, and have the land sufficiently drained to relieve the roots 
from standing water. To insure a fine growth, land should be in as 
good condition as is required for a crop of wheat, corn or potatoes. 
Planting. — Make the holes large enough to admit the roots 
without any cramping or bending, and deep enough to bring the tree 
to its natural depth. The fine surface soil should be used in covering 
the roots, and this should be carefully worked among them. If the 
ground is dry, it is well to pour in some water when the hole is par- 
tially filled. See that the ground is firmly and solidly packed 
over all parts of the roots by exerting the full weight of the plant- 
er upon it, so that there will be no opportunity for dry air or frost to 
enter and destroy roots deprived of the full benefit of their natural 
protection. Omission to pack the earth solidly is a most frequera 
cause of failure in planting nursery stock. Fill the holes full enough 
to be even with the surrounding surface after the fresh earth settles. 
Always remove the label when planting. If this is left until the tree 
is grown, the connecting wire often cuts into and destroys the tree or 
branch to which it is attached. Never use manure in contact with 
roots. When planting dwarf trees set them low enough to cover the 
stock upon which they are budded, but not lower. Large standard 
trees should be staked and tied, so that the wind will not loosen the 
roots. This should be so done that the bands will not chafe the trees. 
It is a very good way to drive two stakes and confine the trees between 
straw or hay bands, stretched from stake to stake. 
Mulching. — When trees or bushes are planted, they should be 
mulched or covered with a layer of coarse manure or litter from three 
to six inches deep, for a space of say two feet more in diameter than 
the extent of the roots. This keeps the earth moist and of even tem- 
perature. 
After Culture. — Grass should not be allowed to grow about 
young trees or plants. The ground should be cultivated for a space 
of at least one foot outside the roots. If the ground is poor it should 
be enriched with surface applications of manure. Pruning should be 
varied according to the condition of the tree, and the purpose of the 
planter. It should be done regularly every spring, befoie the buds 
swell any. In this way the removal of large branches will be avoided. 
NUMBER OF TREES ON AN ACRE. 
30 feet apart each way 50 
25 
20 
18 
15 
12 
- 70 
.110 
-135 
.205 
.300 
10 feet apart each way 435 
8 " " 68O 
6 " " 1210 
5 " " 1745 
4 •• " 2725 
3 " " 4840 
Rule. — Multiply the distance in feet between the rows by the 
distance the plants are apart in the rows, and the product will be the 
number of square feet for each plant or hill ; which divided into the 
number of square feet in an acre (43,560), will give the number of 
plants or trees to the acre. 
