The Inheritance of Quantitative Characters in Maize 25 
Phaseolus vulgaris. A large number of crosses between beans 
differing in length, breadth, weight, and thickness were made. 
These, one and all, showed segregation and recombination in F 2 . 
A few cases recorded behaved as shown in the following table. 
Tt should be noted, however, that the F 2 generation was grown in 
the winter in a greenhouse, while the F t generation was grown in 
the open field. Any effect that this difference of environment 
would have on the variability would probably be towards a 
smaller variability for the greenhouse-grown plants. 
Race 
or 
hybrid 
Means 
Coefficients of variation 
Weight 
Length 
Breadth 
Thickness 
Weight 
Length 
Breadth 
Thickness 
1 
Cg. 
Mm. 
Mm. 
Mm . 
Per cent 
Per cent 
Per cent 
Per cent 
Fillbasket . 
32.2 
13.8 
7.6 
4.4 
7.93 
3.22 
2.20 
3.78 
Longfellow 
28.3 
12.9 
5.6 
4.6 
6.09 
3.27 
3.57 
4.54 
Fl hybrid.. 
28.4 
13.0 
6.5 
47 
7.63 
3.53 
1.43 
3.37 
F2 hybrid 
36.8 
14.1 
7.0 
5.0 
17.43 
8.83 
10.33 
9.45 
Fillbasket . 
32.2 
13.8 
7.6 
4.4 
7.93 
3-22 
2.20 
3-78 
Snowflake . 
16.4 
8.3 
5.7 
4.7 
9.40 
2.89 
3.68 
5.38 
Fl hybrid . . 
25.4 
11.4 
64 
4.5 
9.90 
3.47 
2.70 
3.83 
F2 hybrid . . 
28.6 
11.3 
6.9 
4.8 
24.48 
8.32 
5.96 
8.95 
Emerson also reported segregation of size of seed and height 
of stalk in F, when maize varieties differing in those characters 
were crossed. These results will not be discussed for they are 
reported in full later in this paper. For the same reason, the 
papers of East (1911) and East and Hayes (1911) reporting 
segregation of number of rows, height of stalk, size of ear, and 
size of seed in maize will not be considered here. 
Shull (1910) also reported observations on the number of 
rows on the maize ear, showing that while an ¥ x population is no 
more variable than the pure strains from which it came, the F 2 
population is much more variable. 
In 1911 an excellent paper of Tammes 1 1911 ) appeared. Miss 
Tammes made many crosses between varieties and between species 
in the genus IAnum, and studied the inheritance of such charac- 
ters as length and breadth of seed and length and breadth of the 
petals. A cultivated flax known as Egyptian with seeds varying 
from 5.0 mm. to 6.9 mm. in length was crossed with IAnum an- 
gustifolium whose seeds vary from 2.4 mm. to 2.6 mm. in length. 
The seeds of the F, generation were intermediate, varying from 
3.6 mm. to 4.2 mm. The range of variability in the F 2 generation, 
on the other hand, was very large, ranging from 2.8 mm. minimum 
to 4.7 mm. maximum. A second cross between another cultivated 
flax with a minimum seed length of 3.5 mm. and a maximum seed 
length of 4.5 mm., with Linum angusti folium gave F n seeds vary- 
ing in length from 3.0 mm. to 3.5 mm. and F 2 seeds varying in 
length from 2.3 mm. To 4.2 mm. In opposition to these species 
• losses giving a comparatively uniform F,. a cross between the 
