24 
Research Bulletin No. 4 
no variegated ears were produced, but that every ear with 
any red color was self-red, is noteworthy. From the 
open-pollinated, heterozygous ears included in my cul- 
tures self-red seeds gave progenies consisting of 171 red- 
eared, 32 variegated-eared, and 102 non-red-eared plants, 
or about 56 per cent. red. 
In case of homozygous, variegated-eared plants, VV, all 
the gametes associated with seeds that later become self- 
red could carry 8 only if both V factors of the somatic cells 
from which the gametes arise were changed to S factors. 
Because of the rarity of changes from V to S, unless both 
V factors are influenced alike by whatever causes the 
change, so that both change simultaneously to 8 factors, 
the chance is slight that more than one will ever change. 
In the latter case only about 50 per cent, of the gametes 
associated with self-red grains of homozygous, varie- 
gated ears could be expected to carry S, just as in the 
case of heterozygous ears. None of the open-pollinated 
ears whose progenies I have grown were homozygous for 
variegated pericarp, and none of the homozygous ears 
that had been crossed with white contained any self red or 
nearly self-red seeds. The only data, therefore, that bear 
upon the point at issue are those obtained from self -pol- 
linated, homozygous, variegated ears. The self-red and 
nearly self-red seeds of such ears produced 64 red-eared 
and only 25 variegated-eared plants, or about 72 per cent, 
self-red. This may mean that in some cases both V 
factors were changed to S factors, but the results may 
just as likely be due to the presence of 8 in an unusually 
large percentage of the male gametes concerned. The 
production of the 25 variegated-eared plants, however, is 
very good evidence that, in at least a very considerable 
number of cases, not more than one of the two V factors 
could have been changed to 8. 
If the change from V to S should happen to occur at such 
a time that the grain rudiments became sectorial chimeras 
