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heat above 50 or even 100 times, before they are fashioned 
and filled to their proper places. It is needless to mention 
the injurious effects of bad sulphurous coal or coke during 
such repeated heatings, or the advantage of a pure carbona- 
ceous coke like peat charcoal, by which, from its freedom 
from impurities, the quality of the iron is positively improved. 
" I can speak from experience on this head," says Mr. C. 
Wye Williams, " having had abundant proofs of its value, 
and having found that the iron heated in a furnace by this 
description of peat charcoal, has become softer, more pliant, 
and malleable.' ' 
Dr. Oxland, of Plymouth, in his letter to me relative to 
the Dartmoor peat, informs me, that " the charcoal, ground 
fine, was found to be well suited for foundry purposes. It has 
been used to a limited extent on the moor for the manufacture 
of edgetools, and found to produce remarkably good articles. 
I have used it in the Assay furnace, and have produced very 
strong heats with it, but it is too tender to bear the burden 
of the ore in the blast furnace, or of pig-iron in the cupola. 
At Breat, on the edge of the Moor, parties have been 
attempting to make iron, using the charcoal as fuel, but they 
have not succeeded." 
APPLICATION OF PEAT CHARCOAL, AS A DEODORISING AND 
DISINFECTING AGENT, FOR SANITARY PURPOSES. 
Filtration of Town Sewage Much has been said 
and written respecting the deodorising and disinfecting influ- 
ence of peat charcoal. By some, its great efficacy has been 
extolled to the third heavens, whilst others have equally 
decried its use. One of my Irish correspondents, in reply to 
my letter asking for information on the subject of peat char- 
coal, wrote " it is one of those manufactures which may turn 
out very useful, but which, like many other things in this unfor- 
tunate country, has been greatly damaged by being too much 
puffed at first, and too much expected from it." I may mention 
that this gentleman is agent to several noblemen in Ireland, 
