437 
taken place in the climate, or physical geography of the 
district of the former. 
Cuvier states, in his Ossemens Fossiles, — That in exca- 
vating the canal of Ourcq, near Sevran, in the Forest of 
Bondi, the remains of the Megaceros were found, with por- 
tions of trees, in precisely the same place as the bones of 
Elephants (Mammoths,) consequently proving them to be 
equally recent, which fact is also pointed out by Professor 
Owen, who says that, — The evidence of the former exist- 
ence in England of the Gigantic Irish Deer, contemporary 
with the Mammoth, Rhinoceros, and other extinct Mammalia 
of the period of the formation of the newest tertiary fresh- 
water fossiliferous strata is complete.* 
In 1853, in the same bed of clay, at Wortley, near Leeds, 
in which occurred the bones of four specimens of the Hip- 
popotamus, and also the Mammoth and Urus, was found an 
earthen vessel of unbaked clay, without any external mark- 
ings whatever, also a fragment of pottery with a distinct 
pattern on its surface, and glazed ; near to these was a 
large circular block of grit stone, in the centre of which 
was a hole still containing a piece of iron. The upper sur- 
face of the stone was marked with circles, apparently caused 
by the friction of some other body revolving upon it. This 
had probably belonged to a quern, and, with the other 
remains of human construction, apparently attests their con- 
temporaneity. 
The Red Deer, or at least a Deer which, as Professor 
Owen says, is undistinguishable by its enduring remains, 
from that species, co-existed with the Megaceros, the 
Spelaean Hygena, the Rhinoceros, and the Mammoth, and has 
survived, as a species, those influences which appear to have 
caused the extinction of its gigantic associates. In Cam- 
bridgeshire, part of the horn of a Red Deer was found near 
* Owen's British Fossil Mammals, p. 468. 
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