501 
monarchy.* In conjunction with Seia, the goddess of the 
sown corn, and Tutilina, who protected the barn and the 
rick, she formed a triad of agricultural deities, and was 
invoked probably, on this particular occasion, to avert or 
remove the calamity of famine. 
The coins of Postumus, who made himself independent in 
Gaul, are remarkable for the variety of characters in which 
Hercules appears upon them. We find the Nemean, the 
Erymanthian, the Libyan, the Thracian, and other classical 
names, and the same great numismatist, Eckhel, supposes 
that as Hercules cleared the world of robbers, monsters, and 
wild beasts, Postumus wished to claim the merit of having 
delivered Gaul from the Franks and Germans, and from the 
tyranny of Gallienus. One of his coins, in the Nunburn- 
holme find, is inscribed Herculi Deusoniensi. Deuso was 
probably Duisburg, near Cologne, and though no victory of 
Gallienus over the Germans in this place is recorded, the 
coin seems to allude to such an event. 
The coins of Claudius Gothicus exhibit numerous examples 
of the consecratio, or apotheosis, of the deceased emperor, 
which is sometimes symbolised by an altar, sometimes by an 
eagle, sometimes by a thensa — the sacred vehicle in which 
the images of the gods were carried in procession, and 
sometimes by a winged victory bearing the soul of the 
deceased emperor to heaven. The honour of consecration 
was well deserved by Claudius Gothicus, but it was equally 
bestowed on Claudius Caesar, on Commodus, Caracalla, and 
Gallienus. 
One circumstance which remarkably distinguishes the 
ancient coinage, and particularly the Roman, from the 
modern is the great variety of its types ; of the 70 coins of 
Gallienus contained in the Nunburnholme find, one half differ 
in their types, and the whole number of types in his coinage 
* Augustin de Civ. Dei. iv, 8. Plin. N. H. xviii. 2. 
