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form of that which was in use amongst our forefathers before 
their conversion, the rude pillars of stone of the earlier times 
being represented in later times by the cross. Thus two 
pillar stones on the coast, four "miles north of Whitby, are 
said to mark the grave of a chieftain of pagan times named 
Wada ; and their distance apart, twelve feet, has given rise 
to a tradition, like that at Penrith, that he was a giant. 
The description which Snorro gives of the tomb of King 
Harold, in his " Chronicles of the Kings of Norway," is 
that of a monument resembling that at Penrith in every 
respect, except that simple pillars, instead of crosses, stood 
at the head and foot of the grave. ' ' King Harold was 
" buried in the middle of the mound, a stone being placed at 
"his head and another at his feet, and the sepulchral stone 
"placed over him; lesser stones being also added at the 
" sides." 
At Sandbach, in Cheshire, a more curious arrangement 
is to be seen, where two crosses, each on a separate plinth, 
stand together on an irregular four sided basement, at the 
corners of which are smaller pillars, and the whole on 
another basement. 
Their ornamentation consists of statuary, either single 
figures of Our Blessed Lord and His saints, or the person 
to whose memory they were raised, or of groups of figures 
representing events in Sacred History ; of convoluted 
scrolls with foliage and fruit, and sometimes animals intro- 
duced; of interlaced ribbon patterns, of great variety, and 
sometimes of great intricacy of design ; of frets ; and of 
animal and human figures monstrously distorted, and inter- 
woven with one another. Sometimes the opposite sides of 
a cross are occupied with continuous scrolls, and the others' 
by a succession of panels, in which are either subjects in 
arched or oblong compartments, or interlaced patterns. The 
style of these ornaments, and the character of their work- 
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