oil 
and read the whole inscription thus : — " Jesus Christus. 
Paulinus hie prgedicavit et celebravit et Christianura fecit 
Epa qui habet Duowis." " Paulinus preached and celebrated 
(i.e., the Holy Eucharist) here, and made Epa, who 
possesses Dewsbury, a Christian." Now there was, about 
this time, and probably in Northumbria, a prince named 
EPA. We have a rather extensive series of coins on 
which this name appears. In Ruding, on several coins, 
Plate 2, figs. 9, 10, 13, 16, 17, we read distinctly, in 
Runic characters, EPA. A coin in the collection of the 
Leeds Philosophical Society, and several others in other 
collections, have yEPA. So remarkable a series of coins 
agreeing in giving the name Epa or iEpa, leaves no doubt 
that there was a prince of this name ; and their great 
resemblance to one in the collection of Mr. Lindsay, of 
Cork, which there is every reason to believe is of Oswiu, 
king of Northumbria from A.D. 642 to 670, helps us 
to determine the period at which he lived. About this 
time there was a prince, brother of Penda, king of the 
Mercians, who, in the Saxon chronicle, is called Eaica, and 
in the genealogies at the end of the chronicle of Florence 
of Worcester, Eoua, and Eowa ; but in Florence's chronicle 
itself, Eoppa, in that of Henry of Huntingdon, Epa, and 
in the Annals of Cambria, Eoba. The reason of this 
difference is of course the resemblance between the 
Anglo-Saxon W and the letter P. He fell in the same 
battle as St. Oswald, A.D. 642, and if he be the same as 
Epa of the Dewsbury inscription, would, no doubt, as being 
a Christian, be on the side of St. Oswald, opposed to his 
brother. Most of the coins above mentioned are marked 
with the symbol of Christianity. 
There can be little doubt, however, in assigning this 
inscription at Dewsbury to the earliest period of North- 
umbrian Christianity, whether this be his memorial or not. 
