106 
JONES : EXPLORATION OF THE ELBOLTON CAVE. 
tool. Both kinds of pottery were made from clay similar to that 
found in the cave, and both kinds were hand-fashioned without wheel, 
and charred and burned from the inside. No flints or metal of any 
kind have been found in the cave. The only objects obtained have 
been bone pins and a few other worked bones. From the position 
where this brachycephalic skull was found and from the ruder kinds 
of pottery associated with it, it would appear that in Craven a round- 
headed race preceded the long-headed one. 
Nearly all of the upper stratum containing human remains had 
been cleared away before August last, and the next layer had been 
worked for some distance, especially in the second shaft, at the west 
end of the chamber. So for this lower stratum was composed of 
stiff clay with angular fragments of limestone, and at times a thin 
bed of stalagmite. No human remains nor any of the animals asso- 
ciated with them have been found. These are replaced mainly by 
bears, both Ursus feros and Ursus arctos, and great numbers of 
Alpine hares and foxes The bones in this layer show no evidence 
of having been gnawed by other animals. They either perished in 
the fissure or their bones were washed down through pot holes into 
the cave. The bones from the lower layer are darker, much harder, 
and less porous than those from the upper one. 
After the meeting of the British Association at Leeds, in 
1890, efforts were first directed to the careful examination of the 
lower clay bed in the centre of the chamber. A pothole about ten 
feet deep and three in width was cleared out. This contained a few 
of the limb bones of a bear. A great part of the rock floor at the 
foot of the first ladder was blasted. It consisted apparently of a 
quantity of rock fallen from the roof and cemented by stalagmite. 
We were hopeful that underneath it we should find an old deposit. 
So far however it is solid. Further west the excavation was con- 
tinued, the difficulty of working in the soft adhesive clay increasing. 
The percentage of bones was small, and in the next six feet not a 
single bone was found, The cave has now developed into a deep 
fissure and is from four to six feet in width at a depth of about forty- 
five feet from the original level of the cave floor. The attention of 
your Committee was next directed to find any possible entrance to 
