222 MORTIMER : OPENING OF THE TUMULUS " HOWE HILL," DUGGLEBY. 
broad cutting edge towards the knees of the body. The hammer- 
head was laid on its edge, showing that it had at the time of inter- 
ment been held in that position by a shaft, most probably of wood, 
which had finally gone to decay. The bottom of the central grave 
"b" was next reached, and other parts of the excavation lowered. 
In proceeding downwards, at a depth of three feet, the flexed body 
of a child marked £C h" was found. It appeared to have been about 
two to three years old, on its right side, and the head to the east. No 
relic. This body lay at the bottom of a boat-shaped mass of clayey 
matter, in the centre of the grave ; all round the outsides at this 
horizon being gritty chalk. About two feet below the last body was 
an adult, marked " I," probably a male of about 60 years of age, in 
the same flexed position, but considerably contorted by the unequal 
settling in the grave, with the head placed to the east. Femur and 
tibia measured 17 f and 14^ inches respectively. Xothing accom- 
panied this body ; but near its feet lay the skull (marked <l j") of a 
young person about 20 years of age, w-ith back upper left molar 
fully grown, minus under-jaw ; and there is a large suspicious-looking 
circular hole in the left parietal bone. At a depth of nine feet from 
the base of the barrow we reached the firm undisturbed floor of this 
grave which, at about half its depth, measured 11 feet east and west, 
and 10 feet north and south ; and at the bottom 7 feet east and west, 
and 5t feet north and south. On the bottom of the grave lay an 
adult body (marked " k ") on its back, head to east, knees drawn up, 
right arm bent over the chest, and hand on the left shoulder ; the left 
arm bent at a right angle over the abdomen, with the hand near the 
right elbow. Femur, tibia, and humerus measured 19, 15, and 13 
inches respectively, and were of strong make. Master Mark Sykes, 
of Sledmere, much interested, assisted the writer to uncover this 
body. At the knees lay the irreparably crushed remains of a semi- 
globular food- vase, of which a restoration is given (pi. xi., fig. 3). It 
was made of dark-coloured Kimmeridge clay, obtained in the neigh- 
bourhood. Near the vase nine small flint flakes were found, some of 
which were slightly knotched on one edge as if intended for saws ; 
there were also two cores from which a few flakes had been struck ; 
all were of dark-coloured flint. These flints were very poor specimens, 
