MORTIMER : OPENING OF THE TUMULUS " HOWE HILL," DUGGLEBY. 223 
none of them seemed suitable even for the most inferior tool. 
Probably they were placed there during some superstitious burial 
ceremony as a charm. Much decayed wood and several thin patches 
of ferruginous matter (not the residue of any oxidized iron imple- 
ments) were in contact with the body, over and under it. At various 
depths in the body of the mound, a little to the south of the grave, 
there were thirteen more deposits of burnt bones, denoted on the 
plan by the Nos. 25 to 37 both inclusive, and with No. 30 there was 
a bone pin (pi. xi., fig. 4). 
About three feet above and near the outside of the southern 
edge of the large grave (" b " on the plan) were the distorted remains 
(from unequal settling) of a young person (marked 1< l") having only 
two molar teeth on each side of each jaw, and there was no appear- 
ance that there ever had, or would have been, a third molar, which 
originally had been placed with its head to the north, knees pulled 
up, right arm crossed over the body, and the left arm doubled, with 
hand brought to the shoulder. Femur and tibia measured 16i and 
13^ inches respectively. This body seemed to have been interred 
with its head and shoulders considerably raised, and probably was 
protected by a cist-formed receptacle of wood, this being sufficiently 
durable to allow the flesh to decay, thus allowing the under-jaw to 
fall some distance from the head, the head to roll over, and other 
bones to fall into the unnatural position in which they were found. 
A small deposit of cremated bones lay close to the hips of this body, 
but no relic accompanied it. About sixteen feet south-east of the 
centre of the large grave, and one foot above the base of the barrow, 
lay a body (marked "m") on its back, head to south-west, with 
knees pulled up and head pressed over to the north-west. Femur 
and tibia measured 18 and 14 inches respectively. The right humerus 
measured 13 inches, whilst the left measured 12^ inches only. Over 
this body were the greatly decayed remains of two very small infants, 
the positions of which could not be made out. About 20 feet west 
of these and about three feet above the base of the mound and in 
the bottom bed or core of hazel-coloured clayey soil were most of the 
bones of one leg of a fox,* the flesh of which had probably been 
* Determined by Prof. Newton. 
