308 
KENDALL : THE GLACIATION OF YORKSHIRE 
transport, and all the other indications of the direction of ice- 
movenient to have been adopted. A glacier-lobe, upwards of 50 
miles wide, flowed between Ireland and North Wales (the breadth 
almost exactly that of the Humboldt, the greatest of the Greenbmdic 
glaciers), and terminated apparently somewhere to the southward of 
St. David's Head, which it overflowed another lobe of about the 
same breadth drove in upon the plains of Lancashire and Cheshire, 
sweeping all the local glaciers round into conformity with its direc- 
tion. Its left bank was composed of the outer line of the Pennine 
Chain against which it abutted at altitudes of 1,000 to 1,4C0 feet, 
while its right was the corresponding Carboniferous range of the 
Welsh Border upon which we find its lateral moraine at altitudes 
similar to these reached upon the Pennine Chain. The southerly 
termination of this mass was about Bridgenorth, where a great series 
of morainic hills was accumulated. 
The third natural outlet of the Irish Sea, that through the North 
Channel, was not available, for we have evidence in the stria) on the 
Mull of Galloway, and the abundant erratics from the Clyde found 
in the Isle of Man that some of the ice from the Scottish Midland 
Valley came through to increase the congestion of the Irish Sea. 
There was, however, another avenue of escape for the surplus ice that 
would never have been suggested a priori, viz. by way of the Solway 
Frith and across the northern end of the Pennine Chain. During 
the early stages of the glacial period the ice-flow from the western 
sides of the Lake District and the Vale of Eden was down towards 
the Solway, and we find testimony to this in a northerly sprinkling 
of erratics of Shap granite and other rocks, besides the survival of a 
few strise, going in the same direction ; but there is evidence, clear 
and unimpeachable, that has never been challenged, that the ice-flow 
was completely reversed. An ice-lobe, then, came up the Solway 
bringing with it Scottish granites and the characteristic rocks of the 
western side of the Lake District, and pressed in until it abutted 
against the Cross Fell escarpment, here it divided into two lobes, 
one of which proceeded in a due easterly direction, and, as I have 
determined from personal observations, carried its characteristic 
* Hicks Brit. A.ssoc. Report, 1891, and Glacialists' Magazine, April, 1894. 
