GROOM : EFFECT OF FAULTS ON CHARACTER OF SEASHORE. 365 
plateaux round the base of Ingleborough here and there show, in 
addition to the effect of weathering along joints, a greater gash, 
due to a fault. Indeed in the cases yon are describing there seems 
to be a close connection between the faults and master-joints. 
Salter has, I think, called attention to this. At Hunstanton one 
may see good examples of the characters you describe along the 
margin of the faults, complicated by the very frequent hardening of 
the rock by setting of the iron oxides along bands, as described by 
Judd in the case of the Northamptonshire ironstone." 
The longest and usually the most important faults are those 
belonging to the north-east series. They cut off, and have apparently 
dislocated some of the faults belonging to the N.W. system, as may 
be seen in the N.E. part of fig. 2: they are themselves cut off, in 
other cases, by N.W. faults ; thus the N.E. faults seen in fig. 2 ter- 
minate against the large, curved N.W. fault at the S.W end of the 
map. The blocks bounded by the N.E. faults are themselves traversed 
by faults or fissures running either in a N.W. or N. direction : these 
faults are limited to the blocks, the boundaries of which they occa- 
sionally fail to reach (fig. 2). 
It is difficult to state exactly in what order the various faults 
and dislocations originated, but the circumstance that the continua- 
tion of a fault can rarely, if ever, be detected on the two sides of 
another which cuts it off, suggests that the majority of the faults 
belong to a single period, the large blocks bounded by the chief faults 
being broken up into smaller sections, the faults bounding which either 
terminated against the larger faults, or failed to reach them. 
The down-throw of the N.W. faults was very commonly, but 
not quite universally, on the N.E. side (fig. 1); that of the northerly 
faults (fig. 2) to the W., whilst in the case of the N.E. faults the throw 
was usually to the S.E. fig. 2). The N.E. faults, as far as could be 
observed, were ordinary ones ; and the hade of the last-mentioned series 
was high to the S.E. 
It will be seen that the facts given lend no support to the view 
that the marine depression to the N.W. of the Devonshire (and 
Cornish) coast is directly due to crust movements, the throw of the 
N.E. faults, which are parallel to the general direction of this coast 
