Walton : some new sections in the hessle gravels. 399 
where the Chalk can be seen, with a line of flints about three feet six 
inches from the surface, and other irregular lines lower forming the 
west end of the pit, while the east end shows sandy gravel (a large 
proportion of sand). This is, I think, the face of the Chalk cliff 
itself. The actual junction shows tongues of sand between the 
layers of chalk rubble ; these tongues of sand are irregularly wedge- 
shaped, and are, where exposed, from one foot to eighteen inches in 
length, and from seven to ten inches in perpendicular thickness at 
the base of the wedge. The face of the Chalk in this pit is only about 
ten or twelve degrees from the perpendicular ; this measurement 
cannot be regarded as quite accurate, but only gives an approximate 
estimate of the slope of the Chalk downwards. For a distance of two 
miles north of this map (I have not looked further) there are several 
chalk pits between the one hundred and one hundred and twenty-five 
feet contour lines, but there is not one below and to the east of the 
one hundred feet line. 
The Gravels. 
The deposits banked up against the cliff of Chalk consist of a 
great thickness of sand and gravel covered up by boulder clay. On 
the west the gravels are banked up against the Chalk cliff, but do not 
overlap it ; if ever they did so the boulder clay has planed it away 
so that it just equals the height of the cliff. The old cliff line, 
therefore, exactly maps out the western limit of the gravels. The 
southern boundary of the gravels can be divided into two portions, 
the western part lying on the slope of Chalk, and the eastern portion, 
which can be traced in the fields south of the railway and next the 
llumber, where they show a well-marked and rapid slope. The 
eastern boundary is not so well defined, but seems to follow near the 
twenty-five feet contour line. To the north they have been found in 
building, draining, and similar works, but there is no exact record of 
any sections. They can be seen, but not very well, in the railway 
cutting in which the station is placed, and extending as far west as 
the bridge which carries Wold Field Lane across the railway. The 
bridge itself, built on Chalk, is placed close to the point where the 
old cliff line joins the Humber. There are some waterworks in the 
cutting used for supplying the railway with water. The bores, which 
