68 
MR.  R.  OWEN  ON  THE  STOMACH  OF  SEMNOPITHECUS. 
mach.  The  liver  is  proportionately  smaller  in  Semnopithecus  than  in  Cercopithecus  or 
Macacus.  The  spleen  is  of  a  more  regular  triangular  shape,  and  is  attached  to  the 
omentum  continued  from  the  left  side  of  the  stomach.  The  pancreas,  on  the  contrary, 
is  proportionately  larger  than  in  these  genera.  Both  the  biliary  and  the  pancreatic 
secretions  enter  the  duodenum  together,  about  3  inches  from  the  pylorus :  were  it  not 
for  the  insertion  of  these  ducts,  one  might  almost  suppose  that  what  has  been  regarded 
as  the  true  stomach  was  a  portion  of  the  intestinal  canal. 
With  so  compUcated  a  stomach,  it  might  also  be  expected  that  the  intestines  would 
not  be  so  long  as  in  those  Monkeys  which  have  a  simple  stomach  ;  this,  however,  is  not 
the  case.  The  small  intestines  are  longer  in  proportion  to  the  body  in  Semnopithecus 
than  in  either  Cercopithecus  or  Macacus,  the  ratio  being  respectively  as  8  to  1 ,  6i  to  1 , 
and  4  to  1.  The  latter  genus  evidently  manifests  in  this  respect  its  closer  approxi- 
mation to  the  Carnivorous  type. 
The  following  table  exhibits  the  admeasurements : — 
Semnopithecus 
Semnopithecus 
Cercopithecus 
Macacus 
Entellus. 
fascicularis. 
albogularis. 
Cynomolgus. 
Length  of  the  body  from  the  nose 
Ft.  In. 
Ft.  In. 
Ft.  In. 
Ft.  In. 
to  the  root  of  the  tail    .    .  . 
1  8 
1  2 
1  9i 
1  8 
Length  of  the  small  intestines  . 
13  6 
9  10 
11  6 
6  9 
Length  of  the  large  intestines 
2  10 
2  6 
3  0 
2  9 
Length  of  the  cacum  .... 
4 
^2 
3 
3 
As  in  all  the  preceding  animals  the  intestines  were  prepared  for  admeasurement  in 
the  same  manner,  I  believe  the  relative  proportions  may  be  relied  on.  I  mention 
this  because  the  admeasurements  given  by  M.  Otto  of  the  Semnopithecus  leucoprymnus , 
would  lead  to  the  conclusion  that  the  intestinal  canal  was  much  shorter.  His  admea- 
surements of  that  species,  as  published  in  the  '  Nova  Acta,  Bonn.'  tom.  xii.  p.  511.  are, 
Ft.  In. 
From  the  nose  to  the  root  of  the  tail  18 
Length  of  the  small  intestines  5  5 
Length  of  the  large  intestines   1  8 
Length  of  the  ccecum   2 
It  is  in  the  description  of  the  above  species  of  Semnopithecus  by  this  scientific  natu- 
ralist, that  the  first  account  of  the  sacculated  form  of  stomach  in  Quadrumana  ap- 
pears : — a  discovery  which  was  made  known  to  the  English  reader  through  the  ana- 
lysis of  his  paper  contained  in  the  third  volume  of  the  '  Zoological  Journal.'  The 
leucoprymnus,  which  M.  Otto  marks  doubtingly  as  being  a  Cercopithecus,  is  now  by 
common  consent  referred  to  M.  F.  Cuvier's  new  genus  Semnopithecus  ;  and  the  recur- 
rence of  this  remarkable  modification  of  the  stomach  in  two  other  species  of  the  same 
group,  renders  it  highly  probable  at  least  that  it  is  a  generic  peculiarity. 
