MR.  R.  OWEN  ON  THE  ANATOMY  OF  THE  CHEETAH. 
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as  extending  so  far  backwards.  The  mass  of  cerebrum  anterior  to  this  anfractuosity  is 
slightly  indented  with  a  fissure,  which  is  of  greater  extent  in  the  Cheetah  than  in  the  Cat. 
Posterior  to  anfractuosity  1.  a  second^  commences  in  the  Cheetah  and  Lion  from  the 
anterior  intersection  of  convolution  a.,  and  extends  downwards  and  backwards  to  the 
posterior  part  of  the  hemisphere.  In  the  Cat  this  anfractuosity  does  not  extend  so  far 
at  either  extremity,  but  its  direction  is  the  same. 
The  posterior  anfractuosity^  runs  parallel  with  and  above  the  preceding ;  it  termi- 
nates at  the  posterior  part  of  the  hemisphere,  but  does  not  extend  to  the  upper  surface 
at  its  anterior  extremity  in  any  of  the  Cat  tribe. 
The  general  disposition  of  the  convolutions  in  the  brain  of  a  Dog  is  sufficiently 
similar  to  that  in  the  brain  of  the  Cat  tribe  for  the  purposes  of  comparison. 
In  the  brain  of  the  Jackal  the  convolutions  a.  and  b.  occupy  nearly  the  same  extent 
and  position,  but  b.  is  half  as  broad  again  as  a.,  so  that  the  Cheetah  in  the  difference 
manifested  by  the  superior  bulk  of  this  convolution,  approximates  to  the  Dog,  although 
it  is  but  in  a  slight  degree.  A  further  difference  is  observable,  and  more  especially 
in  the  domesticated  Dog,  in  the  additional  cerebral  matter  anterior  to  the  transverse 
fissure  1 ,  and  in  the  greater  extent  to  which  the  cerebellum  is  covered  by  the  posterior 
part  of  the  cerebrum ;  but  with  reference  to  these  differences,  the  Cheetah  strictly  ad- 
heres to  the  feline  type. 
That  the  disposition  of  the  superimposed  mass  of  the  cerebrum  varies  in  the  different 
orders  of  Mammalia,  and  in  some  of  the  orders  is  found  to  vary  also  in  the  different 
genera,  is  now  well  known  to  comparative  anatomists.  In  the  great  work  of  Gall  and 
Spurzheim,  the  disposition  of  the  hemispheric  substance  is  in  part  delineated  as  it  ap- 
pears in  the  brains  of  the  Sheep,  Kangaroo,  Lion,  Tiger,  Cat,  Rhesus  Monkey,  Guenon, 
Elephant,  and  Orang-Utan:  and  different  examples  from  the  Quadrumana,  Carnivora, 
Marsupiata,  Rodentia,  and  Edentata,  are  given  by  Tiedemann  in  his  '  Icones  Cerebri 
Simiarum  8fc.',  all  of  which  sufficiently  prove  this  fact. 
Of  the  constancy  of  the  disposition  of  the  convolutions  represented  by  Gall  and 
Spurzheim  in  the  Lion  and  Tiger  as  characteristic  of  the  brain  of  the  feline  genus,  I 
was  first  assured  by  our  fellow  Member  H.  H.  Holm,  Esq.,  Lecturer  on  Phrenology"^, 
whose  attention  has  long  been  directed  to  this  part  of  anatomy. 
>  9.  Figg.  3.  &  6.  2  10.  Figg.  3.  &  6. 
3  The  following  note  contains  Mr.  Holm's  opinions  of  the  functions  of  the  different  convolutions  in  the  brain 
of  the  Cheetah,  after  a  comparison  of  it  with  the  human  brain  and  that  of  some  other  animals. 
"  In  the  human  brain  the  convolutions  of  the  posterior  lobe  appear  formed  in  three  longitudinal  masses 
meeting  behind,  and  diverging  in  their  progress  forwards  : 
Tlie  internal  mass  ^  r  Inhabitiveness,  Self-esteem. 
Tlie  middle  mass     p> contains — Philoprogenitiveness  J  Adhesiveness,  Love  of  Approbation. 
The  external  mass  J  (_  Combativeness,  Destructiveness,  Alimentivenses. 
These  masses  have  very  frequent  interconnexions,  are  much  convoluted  in  their  course,  and  have  great  numbers 
of  subconvolutions. 
"  In  the  common  Cat  we  see  the  same  type  prevails,  but  the  masses  are  simple.    The  internal  mass  dilates 
