August i, i8S 9 .j THE TROPICAL A&RiCULTURlST. 
i37 
able to attain this co-operation as you planters, who 
already have their Association to work through? 
That is to say when once it has been thoroughly, and 
in this case cruelly, brought home to them that 
their only remedy lies in such co-operation. Left 
alone, the planter, and I am sorry to say not only 
the cinchona planter, becomes a sort of bullock 
doing his daily round (I know this from my own 
experience), taking his bark and cropping his coffeo 
without reference to the state of the market, and 
later on lamenting either the small balance of 
profit or the loss. In this caBe too, the co-operation 
would only extend to a few hundred planters and 
to the produce of some few millions of lb. It would 
also, I am almost certain, receive the cordial support 
of merchants, brokers and even purchasers of bark, 
for everybody will benefit by a rise in prices. Not 
the consumer of quinine you will say, but judging 
by druggists' prices he would not benefit even if 
the unit were to go to a halfpenny ; and the consumer 
must help himself. For us producers, charity begins 
at home. 
Now I would point out to all bark producers, and 
they will readily assent once it is insisted upon, 
that at a double of the present unit half their bark 
will be of greater value to them than the whole of 
their bark at the present unit. 
Let us take a lb. of bark, analysing 3 per cent at 
the present unit : this would fetch 3Jd or presum- 
ably only 3^d. Now supposing the unit were at 
3d, half a lb. of this bark would fetch 5£.d. Again, 
take the cost of putting into the market at 2d per 
lb. (I am working on my own figures) : then on 
the one lb. of the bark at the present unit; ljd is 
netted, while a profit of 3id would accrue from the 
ilb. at a 3d unit. Work this up or down according 
to analysis and it will come to nearly the same 
result : if anything it is in favour of lower analysis 
which prevail in Ceylon and parts of India. 
Now, I am certain that, if half the amount of 
bark now put into the market were shipped from 
Ceylon, Java and India, a 3d unit would be the 
result, perhaps not immediately, but not long in 
coming. 
Besides the present leaden tone of the market 
would give place to one of elasticity and speculation, 
both good for the producers. I am even sanguine 
as to not a 3d but a sixpenny unit, and mercantile 
authorities would, I am sure, bear me out in this. 
South America we may leave out of the question, 
for I doubt whether large amounts of uncultivated 
bark could be into the market even at a six 
penny unit. For the trade in uncultivated bark 
must of late years have been so disorganized, that 
it would take time' — and money to reorganize it. 
I have tried to show how, if only half the present 
bark were put into the market, it would inevitably 
benefit the producer. Now as to how this might bo 
accomplished. Fortunately we have, as I have said, 
powerful " Planters' Associations" to help us, and 
we have planters' "esprit de corps," and it is to 
the latter that I would specially appeal, for I know 
how great it is among planters. There is a Planters' 
Association in Java too, and I think the present 
unit will find them ready to aid in cordial co- 
operation. It would necessitate then a co-operation 
between all the Planters' Associations of those dis- 
tricts of Ceylon, Java and India, in which cinchona 
is cultivated, and a unanimous resolution that only 
half the amount of bark estimated as crop produce 
should be cropped and shipped. The word of 
planters should be taken in this case ; and should 
they only be managers, they could easily point 
out to their employers the advantages accruing and 
get their sanction. There would always of ooursc 
be a few black sheep who would send in the whole 
of their bark on a rise of the unit. But being 0, 
planter myself, I believe their number would be 
limited, and even of that number a great many 
would be prevented by fear of Association censure. 
In the first place communication would have to 
take place between Associations, and, if success be 
deemed possible, negotiations between their executive 
members and other members would have to be 
opened and the results transmitted to some central 
Secretary of Association decided upon. This would 
have to be done in Ceylon and India to begin with, 
and then communications wjuldhave to be entered 
upon with Java. It might even be possible that 
a special mission to Java would be necessary, but 
if a unanimity were arrived at between Indian and 
Ceylon cinchona producers, no dilliculty ought to 
arise in fi iding the funds for such a mission. And 
the fact, that such an agreement had been entered 
into by Ceylon and Indian cinchona planters, would 
make an adhesion of the Java planters very nearly 
certain, if it were pointed out to them, that a 
final decision on the campaign depended on their 
hearty co-operation. The matter requires a start; 
but as soon as that is made, and with a little 
pluck, I believe it will lead to success. Being largely 
interested in cinchona estates I am trying to make 
that start. I shall be very glad to receive any com- 
munications from the various (if such there be) 
Planters' Associations in Ceylon, and, through the 
Planters' Associations in India, do my best 10 fur- 
ther the cause. For this purpose, I subjoin my 
full name and address. 
Will you allow me to further state, that, although 
very gre itly interested in this question, I am not 
trying to work for myself only. My bark analyses 
3 to 3:} per cent original and 5 to 6^- per cent 
renewed. So I could well wait until the rush of 
bark at unprofitable prices had passed. But mean- 
while many another who is only getting 2£ per cent 
all round is going to the wall. In conclusion, I 
may say that estimates of full crops, and there- 
fore half crops to be put into the market, should 
be arrived at by the Associations and that the 
latter should, as bodies of honorable men, guarantee 
the same, by whatever means they got their facts. 
I would add, that the term of such co-operation 
could not be indefinite, and think that two years 
from date of the general agreement should be 
fixed as a limit. I am certain that this term 
would be sufficient to right the market. — I am, sir, 
yours truly, G. BOSENBEBG. 
[Address : — Baron C. G. M. von Rosenberg, Devi- 
colom, Madras Presidency, Southern India.] 
COFFEE BUG (SCALE) AND THE TBEAT - 
MENT BY KhOKOSENE AND SOAP 
EMULSION. 
Calcutta, 2nd July 1889. 
Sir, — I have read with much interest Messrs. 
Green and Jackson's letters, that have lately ap- 
peared in your valuable journal, upon the subject 
of the destruction of Coffee Scale by Kerosene and 
Soap emulsion. 
The results of Mr. Jackson's experiments, con- 
ducted as they have been over so considerable 
an area, are most encouraging ; and the fact that 
he has found that it pays to keep down the 
scale bug over 287* acres of coffee, by so tedious 
a method of application as that of rubbing over 
the affected parts of each plant with a piece of 
cloth soaked in the emulsion, shows, I think 
conclusively, that with modern apparatus for apply- 
ing the emulsion, the complete success of the treat- 
ment is no longer a matter of doubt. 
* Mr. Coles will have seen that the acreage treatoil 
was not so great, according to Mr. Jackson's explana- 
tion iu a second letter ; but that does not affect the 
argument.— Ed. 
