September 2, 1889.! THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
211 
average cost per annum, assuming 
maintained for the full term, are 
patent and the 
the patent to be 
thus stated : — 
Country. 
Great Britain 
Prance 
Belgium 
Germany ... 
Austria Hungary 
Italy 
Spain 
Russia 
British India 
Cape Colony 
United States 
Canada 
Argentine Republi 
Brazil 
Average 
From the above table it will be perceived that the 
average term of a patent-grunt in the foreign countries 
named is 15 3 years as against 14 in Great Britain ; 
that the average total cost is £83 12s, as compared 
with £154 ; and that the average annual cost is £5 
10s 5d, or about one-half that of a British patent if 
maintained for the full term.— Ceylon Advertiser. 
Average Cost 
Term. 
Office Fees. 
per annum 
Yrs. 
£ 8 
d 
£ s d 
14 
154 0 
0 
11 0 0 
15 
60 0 
0 
4 0 0 
20 
84 0 
0 
4 4 0 
15 
264 0 
0 
17 12 0 
15 
73 10 
0 
/lift n 
4 lo 0 
15 
60 0 
0 
4 0 0 
20 
84 0 
0 
% 4 u 
10 about 
50 0 
0 
5 0 0 
14 
52 13 
0 
3 15 3 
14 
37 4 
6 
2 13 2 
17 
7 3 
6 
0 8 5 
15 
12 6 
0 
0 16 5 
o 15 
71 15 
0 
4 15 8 
15 about 160 0 
0 
10 13 4 
153 
83 12 
0 
5 10 5 
ANALYSES OF CEYLON TEA, AT THE 
MELBOURNE EXHIBITION OF 1880-81 
AND SUBSEQUENTLY. 
Colombo, Aug. 17th, 1889. 
To the Standing Committee of the Ceylon Tea 
Fund ; per favour of the Ceylon Observer, 
Gentlemen,— In the report of your meeting held 
at Nuwara Eliya on 9th instant, published in the 
Observer of the 14th appeared the following para- 
graph : — 
" Analyses of Made Tea from the Various Dis- 
thicts of Ceylon. — Resolved that consideration of 
this subjeot be deferred, and that Mr. A. M. Ferguson 
Senior be asked if he had analyses of Ceylon tea made 
in Australia when as Commissioner he represented Cey- 
lon at the Melbourne Exhibition of 1880." 
Nothing can more strikingly prove the rapidity with 
which even comparatively important matters fade from 
thepublio memory, than that Buch a question should 
arise at a meeting composed of some of the prin- 
cipal planters in Ceylon (who were here in 1880-81) 
and including Mr. C. S. Armstrong 1 Of all the 
services I have rendered to Ceylon during nearly fifty- 
two years of residence and labour on behalf of the 
island's interests, I felt and still feel justified in 
regarding my successful efforts to establish the high 
character of Ceylon tea, by obtaining the opinions 
of experts and the careful and numerous analyses 
(nearly 80 in number) of the teas sent to 
the Melbourne Exhibition of 1880-81 under my 
care as Commissioner, as one of the most important 
and the least likely to be forgotten,— at any rate by 
Ceylon tea planters. I first obtained and published 
the opinions of most oompetent tea tasters : — 
Indian (Sibthorp): Australian (Moody) ; and Eng- 
lish (Brown). I next secured analyses of the 
most extended and careful character, by such 
chemists as Mr. Cosmo Newbery, cm. a., and 
his assistant, Mr. Dunn. In forwarding to 
Ceylon the results of those analyses, I accom- 
panied them with an elaborate report in which 
numerous comparisons were instituted between our 
teas and those of India and China as examined by 
the same analysts. The general results were that 
the Ceylon teas took rank by the proportion of 
ash (under 5 per cent) as the purest in the 
world, while the average quantity of total 
extraot was suoh as had hitherto been unprece- 
dented. Toe average figures of the exceedingly 
favourable analyses and my report thereon, with 
which I took special pains, and also the report of 
Messrs. Henty & Co., and the opinions of the 
ohemists and experts, were published in the Observer 
at the time, and you will find them repeated in ample 
detail in the 1881-82 volume of the Tropical 
Agriculturist, pp. 197-214. 
It will be for your Committee to decide whether 
portions of the information contained in these 
and other pages of the periodical referred 
to might not with advantage, be now reprinted for 
distribution in America and elsewhere. Beside 
the early and very important Melbourne analyses, 
it has fallen to me to notice many others, and 
especially very valuable analyses by Mr. Cochran 
of green leaves, that is of leaves in their natural 
state as gathered from the tea tree. I also commented 
on the same gentleman's recent analyses of Roseneath 
tea, which at an interval of over eight years showed 
that Ceylon teas still retained their high character 
for special purity. To Mr. Cochran tea planters were 
also indebted for the publication here of analyses 
of Indian teas made at different seasons, which 
proved that teas grown in the warmer summer 
months showed great superiority in quality. In 
a recent volume of the Tropical Agriculturist 
will also be found Dr. Paul's interesting 
analyses of Ceylon teas with referenoe to propor- 
tion of theine in connection with altitude, my 
comments on whioh drew from the eminent 
chemist a request to be furnished with an exten- 
sive series of specimens of Ceylon teas, grown at all 
altitudes, for examination. It will be quite within 
the functions of your body, and I feel sure it will 
give you pleasure to do for Dr. Paul that which 
individually I could not accomplish. In truth a 
pamphlet of interesting and valuable matter on the 
character and constituents of our fine and pure teas 
oould at this juncture be profitably compiled from the 
Tropical Agriculturist. I have added so muoh to the 
affirmative answer with which I anticipate a ques- 
tion that has as yet reached me only through the 
Observer.* Through that medium I reply, because 
I should not wish the public to share for a 
longer period than can be helped the doubt 
which bo strangely aotuated the Committee. Alas 
for the memory of what I flattered myself was 
one of the greatest services I had ever done to 
Ceylon, in aiding so materially (aocording to the ver- 
dict of oompetent judges) its then young and strugg- 
ling tea enterprise 1. — I am, gentlemen, yours truly, 
A. M. FERGUSON. 
P. S. — An extract from my comments on the 
results of the numerous and oareful analyses whioh 
* Aug. 19th.— The official letter, dated 17th, forward- 
ing the resolution reached me only this morning, and 
I have replied by referring to tomorrow's Observer 
of which a copy will be forwarded to the Secretary. 
The letter is as follows : — 
Kandy, 17th August 1889. 
To A. M. Ferguson, Esq., c. m. g., Colombo. 
Sir, — " Analyses of Made Tea from Various Dis- 
tricts." — With reference to the abovenamed subjeot, 
whioh was brought up for discussion before the 
Standing Committee of the " Ceylon Tea Fund," at 
a reoent meeting, I beg to annex copy of a resolu- 
tion passed by the Committe, and to ask if you 
will kindly favour me with a reply to the question 
asked therein ? — lam, sir, your obedient servant. 
A. Philip, Seoretary. 
resolution referred to. 
Resolved : — " That consideration of this subject be 
deferred, and that Mr. A. M. Ferguson senior be asked 
if he had aualyses of Ceylon tea made in Australia 
when as Commissioner he represented Ceylon at the 
Melbourne Exhibition of 1880." 
