536 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. [February i, 1800. 
yesterday (June 25) he returned. He, three natives, 
and two South Sea men got to the top — over 13.000 
feet — and spent three days up there, with a clear 
blue sky above him, a climate ibe best he has known, 
and with Daisies, Buttercups, and white Heather 
rouni him to remind him of his native laud. He 
also heard the lark singing at the top, and saw 
acicles 7 inches long. The natives felt the cold terri- 
blv but the Governor never had a moment's sickness, 
though, when he came down, he had lost cosiderably 
in we'ght — he was a very heavy man when he started. 
The natives of the surrounding region were all very 
friendly, but he could not get one of them to go 
above 9000 feet, up to which line they sometimes 
hunt." — Gardeners' Chronicle. 

COCONUT BUTTER. 
[Says a correspondent in sending U9 the following: 
— " This must be the Btuff they are manufacturing 
at the new factory at Veyangoda — the object of 
which was a secret." — Ed. .T .A] 
The trade in coconut butter, unknown a year ago, has 
assumed during the pist few months dimensions which 
may fairly be described as extraordinary. The dis- 
ooveiy that the coconut contained a nutrioious fatty 
substance, admirably adapted ns a substitute fur butter 
waH made in 1888 b) a practical chemist at Ludwige- 
hafe , near Mannheim, in the Rhine country. This 
chemist, Dr. Schlunk, found on analysis that the milk 
of these nuts contains some 60 to 70 per cent of fat, 
and 23 to 25 per cent of organic substances, of which 
nine or ten per cent is albumen. Liebig had long 
before this discovered the value of coconut nil or fat, 
but did not succeed in getting from it anything like a 
butter-substitute, The credit of this discovery belongs 
exclusively to Dr. Schlunk. The new butter made 
nnder his process is found to contain on analysis 0 0008 
percent of water, 0 006 percent of mineral stuffs, and 
99.9932 per cent of pure fat. It is pleasant to the taste 
and smell, is of a clear whitish colour, something be- 
tween our buff-ilo butter and the tinned article im- 
ported from France, and can be sold at considerably 
le-s than half the price of ordinary butter. It is des- 
cribed as singularly free from aci 's, easily digestible, 
and incomparably healthier and better as an article of 
diet than the cheap poor butters and oleomargarines 
with which the European and American markets are 
fi >oded. The nuts required in this new industry are 
imported from India into Germany, where the largest 
coconut butter factories are in operation, in steadily 
increasing quantities, and supplies are also obtained 
from the South Sea and Ooral Islands, Arabia, the 
coast countries of Africa, and South Amerioa. One 
firm alone in Germany is now turning out between 
3,000 and 4,000 kilos of butter per day, the bulk of 
which is exported to America, where already a large 
demand for the article has sprung up. — Times of India, 
Jan. 9th. 
* 
Aubtbalian Mica is once again receiving consider- 
able attention on this side, Mr. Richard Baker, the 
well-known mica merchant of Eastcheap, having 
interested himself much in it E. Mail, Dec. 27th. 
A Quick Fruit Teeb Budder. — The following note 
taken from the Stamford Mercury of a recent date, 
gives an unexampled number of buds put in during 
one day, " Mr. A. Hagger, foreman at Messrs. W. 
and J. Brown's nurseries at Stamford, budded 1850 
Apple stocks, three men tying for him. We believe 
this 'beats the record.'" One thousand buds put in 
is considered to be a fair day's work for a man.— 
Gardeners' Chronicle. 
Cacao in Equadob, — The French Moniteur Officiel 
du Commerce for the 23rd May last states that the 
lack of rain in the Republio of Ecuador inspires 
very grave fears for the cacao orops of the present 
year. Besides the drought, such great damage has 
been done in the province of Imbabura by swarms 
of locusts that the Government has been obliged 
to send aid to the starving inhabitants. At present, 
however, the export price of cacao in the port of 
Guayaquil bai not materially altered, 
Coffee Leaf Disease. — There can be no harm 
in trying the Californian Professor's remedy 
for H mileia vastatrix, al. hough we have no faith 
in reviving coffee by this means in Ceylon : plant- 
ing with shade trees as in Coorg seems the only 
lik-ly means of getting coffee to do. 
The Jarrah. — A part of the Stand near Exeter 
Hall has been paved with blocks of this timber, de- 
rived from Eucalyptus marginata, a native of South- 
west Australia. The timber is of u "rivalled excel- 
lence for durability, and is worked with comparative 
ease. E. rostrata, the Red Gum, and E. leucoxylon, 
the iron-bark wood, are, according to Baron Von 
Mueller, the historian of the genus, almost if not 
quite as durable, and even stronger. The durability 
and immunity fiom insects, is due to the presence 
of ki. o The services of the eminent botanist, Ba- 
ron Yon Mueller, in making known the species of 
Eucalyptus, in pointing out their useful properties, 
and in diffusing them far and wide, can hardly be 
over-estimated. — Gardeners' Chronicle . 
Indian Investments. — Discussing this subject, 
Allen 8 Indian Mail winds up: — When a London 
"financial" paper tells its readers, as one did a 
few days ago, that there is no mineral wealth in 
the Decoan — no profitable indigo planting in India, 
aud no " gems" in Ceylon except those which come 
from Birmingham— what is to be said? Shall a 
similar reply be given as that given of old to the 
doubter of any good thing in Nazareth — " Come and 
see" ? Or shall we imitate the candid courtesy of 
Junius in one of his celebrated letters, and say to 
the " financial" calumniator — " Sir, I shall not call 
you a liar, but with all the politeness possible I 
3hall proceed to prove you one!'' Perhaps the 
latter will be the more satisfactory arrangement for 
our purpose. 
Kueakkan, which is supposed to be a hurt- 
ful food to natives of Ceyion, is thus noticed in 
a review in the Indian Agriculturist of an agricul- 
tural show in Mysore : — 
Next comes Eleusine coracana, Ragi. This crop is 
remarkable for its hardiness iu times of drought and 
abundant fertility when the season is favourable. It is 
the flour of this produce that Mr. Mukerjee, so well- 
known in connection with the Economio Department 
of the Indian Museum, has been experimenting with 
for the consumption of the poorer classes in Eugland. 
The finest ragi is sold in Mysore at six pies per seer and 
Mr. Mukerjee hopes to sell the flour in London at one 
penny a pouud. The grain can be stored without 
injury for rcany years, and it is due to this property 
that periods of scarcity are tided over with comparative 
safety. 
Discouragement of Ladang Cultivation. — With 
the object of discouraging the cultivation of ladang 
and encouraging the permanent agriculture, the fol- 
lowing order will be enforced throughout the State of 
Perak : — 2. On and after the 1st January, 1890, no 
jungle, except secondary growth of not more than 
five or six years' standing, shall be felled for ladang 
cultivation, and, to ascertain what jungle may be felled 
for this purpose, the following test shall be applied : 
jungle thai can be felled with a parang or golok may 
be cleared, but jungle that cannot be felled without 
the use of an axe or biliong may not be cut for ladang 
cultivation. 3. The fee for permit to fell jungle tor 
ladang cultivation shall be 50 cents fer every acre or 
part of an acre. 4. Any person committing a breach 
of this order or using land for ladang cultivation 
which was granted for the purpose of permanent agri- 
culture shall be liable, on conviction before a Magis- 
rate, to a fine not exceeding $50 for every acre or 
part of an acre so felled or cultivated, and any Peng- 
hulu who knowingly allows a breach of these regula- 
tions to be committed in his mukim shall be liable to 
the penalty herein provided. [The above is from the 
Perak Government Gazette, and evidently refers, under 
the Malay term of " ladang," to the process known 
in Ceylon as " chenaing," and in India as " jooming." 
-Bp.] 
