February i, 1890,] THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST 
Now, en this evidence, I cannot hold it proved that 
the plants supplied, or those which remained in the 
nursery, were fit for planting out; and I therefore 
hold that the plaintiff not haviug supplied and not being 
ready to supply the defendant with strong healthy tea 
plants fit for being planted in a new clearing, he is not 
entitled to the price which he now claims. 
I dismiss the action with costs. The damages cluimed 
by the defendant are remote, and I repel bis claim in 
reconvention. A- C. Laweie, District Judge. 
Manuring Hillsides. — The bottom of a hill in 
the valley is undobtedly richer in vegetable matter 
than the sides, unless the latter have been recently 
and heavily manured. But it is a fallacy to draw 
manure at any season on a side of a hill with 
the notion that it will wash down. We have tried 
that repeatedly, and the manure never fertilized 
muoh, if at all, below the line where it was drawn. 
Undoubtedly rains washed over the land and the 
manure on the soil below, but the valuable pro- 
perties of the manure were deposited where it lay, 
while the deodorized water passed on below. It 
is doubtless to this neoessity for water saturated 
with manure to sink that running streams and 
large bodies of water owe their power to cleanse 
themselves. The nitrates are heavier and sink to 
the bottom. Hence the mud from ponds and run- 
ning streams becomes such valuable manure in many 
cases. It contains most of the fertilizing elements 
that the water above it has contained. — Indian 
Agriculturist. 
Insects Injurious to Vegetation. — Dr. 0. "V. Riley 
read a note at the British Association on " The 
importation and colonisation of Parasites and other 
natual enemies of insects injurious to Vegetation." 
Her said the encouragement of the natural checks to 
the increase of insects injurious to vegetation might 
be of a two-fold nature. It frequently happened that 
an indigenous species was found to have certain para- 
sites in only a portion of the country which it inhabited. 
In such cases, where it was practicable to transport the 
parasites, a great deal of good might be accomplished. 
But this intentional distribution of the parasites from 
one part to another of its native country was by no 
means to be compared in importance with the intro- 
duction of such parasites, or enemies of injurious in- 
sects, from one country to another, in which the 
injurious species bas obtained a foothold without the 
corresponding natural enemies which serve to keep it 
in check in its original home. The note proceeded to 
give illustrations of artifical introductions of the kind 
on a large scale, which had already been productive 
of great good.— Gardeners' Chronicle. 
How to Catch Flies.— Acorrespondent of the Field 
writing from Ashburton, New Zealand, says:— "On 
entering the bar of the W. A. O. D. Hotel at Eltham, 
14 miles north of Melbourne, the visitor will notice 
what at first sight appear to be some large hams 
suspended from the roof ; but on a closer inspec- 
tion they are seen to be a number of compact 
boughs tied together, and finely woven over with 
spiders' webs of the purest whiteness. Mr.Purcell, the 
landlord, informed me that many years ago, while 
tormpnted with great hosts of flies, he hung up 
several of these neat bundles of boughs as restitif.- 
placs for them. In a short time the spiders took 
possession, and have since continued to do good service 
in red u l ing the number of flies which swarm into ihe 
bar during the pre fer part of the year. There are 
from twenty to forty spiders in each group, the shaded 
entrance to each other's dwelling's givine their work a 
very pleasing effect, but the older bundles are com- 
pletely bidden in the shining mass of pure whit" 
tilky webs. Perhaps the same experiment would 
afford pleasure to others wlio may think well to try it 
n otfcer parts of tho world." — Aberdeen Fret Prtss. 
Cotton and Cotton-seed Oil, — One of the large 
American insuranoe offices has issued to various 
persons in England a warning ae to cotton bales 
impregnated with cotton-seed oil. They say : — 
" Since the introduction of cotton-seed oil, and its 
transmission in casks and barrels from one part 
of the country to another, a new danger has arisen 
to cotton in transportation, as cotton fibres 
saturated with this oil are very liable to spontaneous 
combustion. It may be that the more frequent 
fires in large cotton warehouses of the South and 
in cotton ships can be accounted for in this way. 
This year an instance of saturated cotton bales 
has been discovered in one of our principal mills. 
Two bales had been received, one of which was 
saturated to the extent of 256 lb., the other to the 
extent of 175 lb. A sample of the cotton has been 
examined at the Institute of Technology, and 
tested in our spontaneous oombustion oven. It 
ignited at moderate heat in the way in which 
fibrous substances ignite when saturated with a 
drying or quickly oxidising oil. The oil pressed 
out from this small sample has been subjected to 
qualitative tests, which proved it to be cotton-seed 
oil. We therefore warn all members who represent 
cotton mills that it would be prudent to have their 
cotton oarefully examined for oil, bale by bale, 
before putting it into the warehouse." — O. Mail. 
CEYLON EXPORTS AND DISTRIBUTION 1889-90 
a ° 
2 so 
0 d 
s-° 
1889 
cwt. 
■ 
*C) 00 tH rf 00 
o i— oo co 
a : : : : o-. cm 
o - : : : 
... 
53 
85034 
-HI r- c- CM 
-< t- o o 
CO Oi f- co 
CO t- © 00 
Coconut Oil. 
1888 
cwt. 
42402 
300 
402 
301 
5848 
6211 
12414 
3050 
O iO Oi -hi 
O -H OS OO 
c- : : ;ujho : 
■H • ■ • O in • 
— <• CO 
CO r-1 In ^cH 
rH ,C CO 
rH rH CO CO 
1889 
cwt. 
41373 
1005 
401 
4809 
10924 
1607 
202 
to co or OS t— 
^ c- CO cr. - 
; ;co ** c-NO • 
: : o co cd : 
rH rH CM 
Cinnamon. 
Chips 
lb. 
142970 
36971 
11800 
560 
14000 
O © 1 
: cm ; ; ; ,h : : 
218621 
118337 
259550 
325637 
Bales 
lb. 
423956 
33700 
35130 
4000 
5385 
125300 
16500 
16000 
17500 
i'soo 
500 
12828 
15000 
186670 707599 
128710 r'00880 
136772 530540 
1231261 6388831 
Can!a-| 
moms. 
lb. 
85601 
99396 
1373 
Cocoa. 
cwt. 
c- to 
a as 
rH lO 
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t> rH 03 
iC 
12601591 
9816231 
5443109 
2766745 
Cinchona.! 
m o a 
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n {! i. 
<M rH CO 
t- <o 
00 . ° . . . . 00 
in : ' '• '■ '• ' 
©S 
© 
27455-2 
4571099 
3332541 
5535635 
i 
CD 
CJ 
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OS © rM CM 
O O CO 
<m : : -<* oo : : : 
CO 
© t— © t- T. 
O H H lO ifj iQ 
p ; T • 
45173 
36787 
41501 
50118 
N'tive 
o 
»h : :co : : : : : 
© rH CO 
O CO 
•h : : : co : : 
1303 
4365 
2143 
2439 
a. co oo cm 
CO CO 
co • • : . . 
CO 
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: : c; oa co : 
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NCllCN. 
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CM O r~ 
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COUNTRIES. 
To United Kingdom 
„ Marseilles 
„ Genoa 
„ Venice 
„ Trieste 
,, Odessa ... 
„ Hamburg ... 
„ Antwerr 
,, Bremen 
,, Havre 
„ Rotterdam & Amsterdam 
,, Africa 
,, Mauritius and Eastward 
,, India 
,, Australia 
America 
„ Barcelona 
Total Exports from 1st Oct. 
1889 to 6th Feb. 1890 ... 
1888... 1889 
1887... 1888 
1886... 1887 
