February t, 1888.J THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
555 
qiently realize, comparatively low prices. When a 
garden is producing but a small quantity there should 
be as few different kinds as possible?, with a view to 
avoiding email or non-sampling breaks. 
Bulking in India.— As wo long ago pointed out, this 
should not.be undertaken unless it can lie so thonughly 
done as to insure perfect uuiformity of quality ; an 
equal qu mtity of to.i moreover must he given with 
each chest, nor would it be worth while to risk loss 
of qutlity through binning prior to bulking. The chief 
advantages of bulk ug iu India are as follows: — 
1. — Saving of time in bringing tea to market. 
2. — Saving of Warehouse Charges to the extent 
of about Is. a chest. 
8.— Prevention of risk of damage to leaf through 
bulkin,' here. 
4. — Less liability t3 loss in weight, test packages 
only being weighed. 
6. — The superior condition in which the packages 
reach the buyer. 
Weighing MET. — This system has made fair pro- 
gress, but there is still a want of accuracy in some 
quarters, tho variations often much exceeding the 
limit of 2 lb. either way, i. c, above or below. 
Weighing INDIAN Tu.\.— Tho following are the 
amended regulations which came into force Novem- 
ber, 1885 :— 
Tho wtight of Indian tea for duty may, if desired 
by the importers, be ascertained under the following 
regulations : — 
1. — The packages on arrival to be weighed to as- 
certain the gross weight of each package. 
2. — The importers to give with each entry a state- 
ment that the teas in each break have been bulked 
iu India, and that the chests of each break contain 
even net weights. 
3. — In order to test the accuracy of this statement, 
10 per cent of each break to be turned out and 
weighed net, hut in no case are lesj than:) chests to 
bo turned out. 
4. — If the variation iu weight of the test packages 
from each other bo found to exceod 2 lb., the whole 
parcel ia to bo tared. For instance, if the tout pack- 
ages weigh net 79, 80 aud 81 lb. respectively, the 
Variations would not exceed two pounds, but, if one 
package bo found to weigh 79 lb. and any other 82 
lb. or more, then the whole break to be tared ; unless 
tho importer and surveyor consider that an average 
taro cifli equitably be given, in which case tho tares 
inns', not vary moro than two pounds, us in the case 
of net weights. 
5. — Duty is to be charged on tho average weight 
of tho packages weighed uet, provided that when 
the average of the packxges weighed net amounts to 
ho many pounds and a half or more, tho half or 
more will bo charged as a full pound ; When the 
fraction is less than a hall it may be disregarded. 
6. — All Indian tons bulked in this country are to 
be weighed gross, and each chest tared. 
Maiiks ok Chests —Nothing is wanted, or is of 
any service hero beyond (1) garden mark, (2) des- 
cription of tea, (3) garden numbers, and (4) bulked 
if such bo the case, Gross, Entb or net, are not of 
tho least use, and should bo discontinued. 
Small IJueaks. — An alteration was made iu Sep- 
tember for these, when tho limit was fixed at 12 
chests, 18 half-chests and 30 boxes ; breaks below these 
quantities are sold at the closo of the daily auctious. 
Site OK Hkkaks. — Some progress has been made dur- 
ing ibu current season in turning out good sized 
break-, and much relief has iu consequence been 
afforded to all concerned ; tho system advocated in our 
Annual Keviow of 1*80, of putting together iu one 
brittle Munlir tins, 1ms been adopted to soruu extent 
wilh (Jitleutta bou ;bt parcels to the satisfaction of all 
concerned ; w.i trust no relaxation in the elforts to pro- 
duce l.ir ;.- bro iks will be nil .wed by owners ol g irdens 
u tho Inareaaiag quanUUai of tea* at auction will 
null for fu 'her oxenious to pliee ii tm -tin: invoices 
before u U|/ or*. 
We regret to not* that splitting up of lots is still 
carried on in Unl'-nttR, involving iinuccessiry work to 
all concerned, and oausiog much annoyance to buyers. 
Loss IN Weight.— Mneh dissatisfaction bus arisen 
from time to time on this point. Tho gross woighl 
of the package should always bo a few ounces — say 
four or five, — over an even number of pounds. The 
empty pa ckage complete, with lead, nails, bands, &e., 
should bp, on the contrary, just below an even number 
of pounds — say by about 4 ouuees ; in weighing here 
the gross weight is reduced to the even number of 
pounds, whilst the tare is increased to an even num- 
ber of pounds. This method applies to teas not bulked 
at the garden, and also to Calcutta-bought teas. 
With regard to garden-bulked teas to pass the test 
for weighing uett, as before remarked, it is impera- 
tively necessary to put an equal quantity into each 
package of the break, aud this quantity should be an 
ounce or two over the desired weight of contents — viz., 
if the packag' s are invoiced, to contaiu 100 lb. tea 
each, not less than 100 lb. 2 ozs. should be weighed 
in ; test packages proving here a fraction under 100 lb. 
will be reckoned as 91) lb. only, or a loss of 1 lb. on 
each chest of the break. We fear, when great pres- 
sure prevails at the London warehouses, some laxity as 
to weighing takes place, but the loss thereby incurred 
can be but small compared with what may be caused 
by neglect of the foregoing precautions at the garden 
in weighing and rilling the packages. 
Weight OF Packages. — When a gross weight of 
129 lb. is exceeded, there is an additional charge of 
5d per chest up to 159 lb. : the following scale of 
charges fully explains th s and deserves attention : — 
Management rate, per package, subject to discounts 
at present varying from 15 up to 60 per cent : 
Cross .. 
Cross 
Gross 
100 to 19.) lb. 
2s 9d 
80 to 89 lb. 
Is 8d 
35 to 44 lb. 
Is Od 
Home Consumption ok Indian', 
Indian & Ceylon. China. 
130 to 159 lb. 90 to 129 lb. 
2s 3d Is lOd 
60 to 79 lb. 45 to 59 lb. 
Is 5d Is 2d 
17 to 34 lb. Under 16 lb. 
7d 4d 
Ceylon and China. 
Percentage. 
Total, of Indian 
& Ceylon. 
180,607,000 51 i 
17 i,i'ji;5,iiihi 
175,203,000 
169,956,000 
I74,05o.0(iii 
MiO.Otiii.iliio 
160,992,000 
155.114,000 
IHO,S19,0'iO 
156,968)000 
I 51,025,000 
42.f 
39 J 
37 
34 
30A 
30* 
W< 
22 
23* 
18$ 
1887 ... 93,054,000 87,553,000 
188G ... 74,665,000 100,000,000 
1885 ... 68,894,000 106,309,000 
L884 ... 63,038,000 106,918,000 
1883 ... 59,097,000 114,953,000 
1882 ... 50,497,000 115,569,000 
1881 ... 48,836,000 112,156,000 
1830 ... 43,807,000 111,307,000 
1879 ... 35,848,000 125,576,000 
1878 ... 86,776^000 120,192,000 
1877 ... 28,013,000 123,012,000 
Compared with 1882 (G years ago), the consumption 
of China Tea has decreased 21} per cent., whereas that 
of Indian and Ceylon has inert " >>'/ 81} per ceot. 
The Total quantity of Tea, Indian and Ceylon, 
offored at auction was, during 1887 1,158,262 chests 
1386 918,320; 1885, 823,848; 1884, 7(19,342; lc83 
730,574; 1882, 619,479. 
SEASON 12 MONTHS: 1st JUNE TO 31st M AY. 
1881—82. 1882—83. 1883—84. 
... »49,455,00O •56.764,000 *63,065,000 
... •46,761,000 «56,621,00O •00,469,000 
18*4—85. 1885—86. 1886—87. 
... 61,472,000 67,210,000 78,209,000 
69,109,000 60,735,000 75,425.000 
7 MONTHS: 1st JIN E TO 31m DEO- 
CEMBEK only. 
1882. 1883. 1884. 
... »33,993,000 »:!8^90,000 41,592,0iK) 
... »31, 196,000 *33,671,000 36.240,000 
18S5. 1886. 1887. 
43,279,000 52,655,000 59,664 OH) 
32.809,000 40,494.000 43,181,000 
* Those Totals include Ceylon. 
CEYLON. 
The year op-"«'d with n good enquiry at full tatos ; 
this position .veil in .intained until March, when 
lnrg' r supplies of less satisfactory qu ihty chum I lower 
values ; soon after, a recovery took place which lasted 
until June, when good liquoring leas commanded 
same ndvnnre ; nf'rrwards arrivals decreased , and the 
quality again being hardly no good, values ruled weaker 
and irregularly, hut towards Ootobera hot tor demand 
sprung up aud full rates wore roahxed for all grades 
Import 
Delivery 
Import 
I leUvery 
SEASON 
I nip i t 
1 )elivery 
Import 
Delivery 
