March i, 1889.] THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 585 
not possibly describe the shade as we have it here. 
From what I have seen, the shade oi' colour on the upper, 
i.e., tho darker, line of transverse bar, in the case 
of males, will always follow the dark crimson shade, 
which after all is perhaps tho proper term for the 
colour of the outer curve over the Attacus eyos. 
This specimen is one of four females, which may be 
said to be for all practicable purposes absolutely 
alike. If there was any distinction it arose in one 
specimen, from tho appearance of the so-culled rod 
colours invading and shilling through the lower border 
of the wing, i.e., under the transverse bar, aud this 
in both wiug segments, though to a less degree 
in tho under one. Another set of moths, brought 
out in the same way towards the ond of Septombor 
and beginning of October, seemed to present some 
strikingly different features, and I was in hopes I 
had secured the moth of the yellow worm referred 
to in the preceding paper. From a similar promis- 
cuous set of cocoons gathered last year over the 
same district I obtained three distinct varieties, two 
of which have been pronounced to bo new species. 
One of them was a yellow moth, but I did not 
keep duplicates, and have no detailed description. 
The moths I have now to describe are not distin- 
guished from the above red-tinted ones by the natives. 
The worm, as far as they know, is the ordinary 
green worm. Nor does the cocoon at all resemble 
the largo and beautifully formed cocoons spun by 
tho golden yellow worms, which also refuse to give 
up their moths, though they have been nursed 
and coaxed to tho utmost. All that can be said is 
that these moths look yellow as compared with 
the four above described. The red veiuiugs and rod 
wash, so to say, are all the same as in the above. 
So is the trausverse bar on the wings, so is the 
general appearance of the under surface of the wings. 
But the first look of the moth always makes one 
describe it as yellow. The body is quite yellow, 
and free from any suspicion of darker shading. The 
general ground colour of tho wings is paler, aud, 
save for one patch in each upper wing, is altogether 
free from that dash of red I have spoken of in 
the others, but which reminds some of " rust," of 
"copper," of " terra-cotta " — all of which terms 1 
have heard used and dissonted from, terra-cotta 
being especially objected to as not dark enough. Of 
thin sort I have two males and a female. In the 
female the transverse bar on the wings seems in- 
disputably lavender, and differs widely from that of 
the inah's, which show that contested colour spring- 
ing from rod as its base, which forms tho upper 
curve over the Attacus ryes, and which, afti r all, 
is a rich shade of crimson. Weather experts will 
consider these as separato varieties remains to bo 
scon. It is noteworthy that two sets of Walnut 
Sloths Mem to bo distinguished in the same was as 
those, tho ono being the fac-similo of the other, 
save for this singular wnah of red — which in the 
Walnut Moth maybe accurately described as "rust," 
just as oue sees it iu very old rusty iron. — .foiiN 
HlOQRnii Llai-ch'cng, 11th October, lbtiS.— C'/< mete 
Times. 
NEW PRODUCTS IN FIJI. 
II'to is srm>'thing encouraging ai well to largo and 
small planters :m to tho Colony generally, and should 
at once set at rest auy doubt which may exist as to 
mnrketa being found I. r I be fibrous material in which 
Fiji is so rich. By a lute mail, tbe Covernnr has 
been applied to by the head of a wealthy firm whom 
his Excellency mot in England, but the head quarters 
of whoso business are in Victoria, asking whether 
tbe Colony could f irm h 5tK)0 tons per annum of 
paper-making material. We Understand that the 
Governor proposes to take apodal measures for bring- 
ii g tins important question before the Chambers of 
C mm roo ami the Agricultural As.oeinf, n. Now 
is the time of all others when Suva should bestir 
ittolf and dtmouatratu that it has uouio commuroial 
men in its midst, The Chamber should be resuscita- 
ted. Plenty work can be found for those of its mem- 
bers who aspiro to rauk above the grado of more 
huckstering dealers. People should show that they 
can rise to the level of the position; and that, oppor- 
tunity offering, they are equal to tho demand legiti- 
mately made upon them to assist in the advancement 
of the Colony to which they owe their own progress 
aud elavation. 
We are informed that tho Governor hop"s to have 
by the end of the year about eight huncred young 
cocoa plants ready for distribution to such persons 
as may desire to begin the cultivation of this product, 
and who possess suitable soil uud situation for that 
purpose. The varieties are the purest strains from 
Trinidad, selected by Mr. Presioe, direct »r of the 
Botanic Gardens there, by request of Lord Kimberley 
when Secretary of State for the Colonies. They com- 
prise " Oundamar ; " " Verdilico ; " " Mixed Forestero ; " 
"Lougpointed Forestero," "Fine grooved Prolific 
Yellow ;"" Sangre Toro"and "Forastero." A con- 
siderable quantity of "ITevea'' or Para rubber can 
also be availed of. In addition to the above, an ex- 
cellent crop of the celebrated aud valuable Delly 
(Sumatra) Tobacco seed has just been gathered, and 
his Excellency will be glad to send some to those 
who may desire to utilize it. Great attentiou is being 
given to this variety in Ceylou and elsewhere. All 
applications for these should he made to the Secretary 
of tho Agricultural and Industrial Association. The 
cocoa plants will be securely planted in boxes for 
which applicants will have to pay five shillings each. It 
will be interesting to learn the number of practical 
men who will avail themselves of these means of 
adding to the value of the industries of the Colony. 
— J'iji limes. 
♦ 
CULTIVATION OF SESAMUM AND 
GROUND-NUTS IN CHINA. 
Sesamum is best grown on liigh dry ground, and is 
most in danger from excess of moisture; it does not 
require watering, and dew alone is sufficient mois- 
ture to nourish it. In makiug beds, th< refore, the 
centres should be higher than the sides, so as to 
allow the water to run off. In the first month of 
every year it is sown broadcast, not in lines, and 
whether thickly or sparsely is immaterial. In about 
ten days it puts forth shoots, in two months and 
a half it blooms, and in another two months aud a 
hulf it is fit for harvesting. At harvest timo the 
latest seeds are not yet ripe, but the harvest can. 
not wait, or tho other pods would fall off, and the 
seeds drop out on tho ground. The plants, root aud 
all, are carefully taken out of the ground, put on 
a cement floor, and threshed with a flail. There 
arc two kinds, black and white. Sesamum does not 
require manure generally, but in the worst soil ashes 
aud ox manuromsy housed. About 27 ounces sown 
to an acre yield ahout . r >50 lb. 
Grouud-nuts are host grown in a soil ofcoarso sand 
and mud. They should be set deep, and tho ground 
pressed down firmly over them. Tho ground is 
ploughed about April, and trenches dug about 10 
inches apart, into which ashes, lime, and rubbish are 
thrown. The seeds are sown 10 inches apart, and as 
each is put in the sides of tho trench are turned 
over it with the foot stamped ilonn firm. Every 
ten days or so the ground is weeded, and in about 
two months the sprouts are sufficiently long, and are 
sprinkled with liquid manure. Iu four montl II they 
come into flower; tho dower-stalk then hernia over, 
aud as tho llower falls otf, the f!ow<r-sta!k buries 
itself in the ground, und produces seeds, ground nuts, 
which become ripo about the Sbuang-cbiang festival 
(October 23). When the liarvost, however, takes p'ace 
after this date more oil can begot, and a better prico 
obt lined for it. (irnund-nuts are harvested by plough- 
ing them up with an ox-plough, when the stalks and 
■ends' clinging to the plough are gathered into a 
heap. For tbo remainder wbich are still left in the 
ground two men sift the earth with .. I ir^« bar.-.boo 
