March 1, 1889.] ?k£ TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
635 
We earnestly request Government to take speedy 
action ho that the trade may not become paralyzed 
and ruined, which at the moment would real!} i m 
to be the case, as foreign manufacturers and dealers 
will not buy here uuless the Natives desist, and that 
too speedily, from this pernicious and unnatural meanc 
of manufacture. We have taken the liberty of address- 
ing you direct as we are not members ot the Chamber 
of Commerce, and considered, further, that no time 
should be lost in communicating our knowledge to Go- 
vernment. 
Order — dated 18th August 1 B88. The Government 
regret that they are unablo to render any assistance 
in the matter, except by way of giving publicity to 
the practice complained of and warning those con- 
cerned in the trade of the evil effeota likely to arise 
therefrom. With this object, the Commissioner of 
Revenue Settlement and the Director of Laud Records 
and Agriculture will be requested to draw up a cir- 
cular for publication in the District Gazettes and tor 
distribution as a handbill, as was done in the case of 
the adulteration of indigo. 
The Government, however, consider that the most 
effectual rom< dy against the evil complained of is for 
the buyers to refuse skins not properly tanned. When 
the tanners lind that skins weighted with jaggery and 
oil do not find a ready tale in the market, they will 
soon bo led to givo up the practice. 
FORESTRY IN THE SOUTHERN CIRCLE 
MADRAS PRESIDENCY. 
We have often drawn attention to the importance 
of Ceylon forest officers in the northern portions 
of Ceylon paying attention to the reproduction of the 
valuablo leaf, fruit, sugar, and timber yielding pal- 
myra palms. The following extract shows how 
these and other trees were objects of attention in 
Southern India in 188(i-H7 :— 
Cultural operations. — The area under cultural 
operations at the commencement of the year was 2,536 
acres aud HJO miles ot channel banks costing K28.460. 
The area and cost added during the year were acres 436 
and R 1,201, respectively, the result at the close of the 
year being 2,972 acres :md ICO miles of channel, banks 
costing R82,661 in all. 
1 18 acres costing RHS in South Arcot and 111 acres 
costing K190 in Tfnnevelly omitted in the previous 
year's returns owing to the charges having been ad- 
justed under A-VI1I (/) are now included in the area 
aud cost added during the year. The actual additions 
• 1 1 1 r- 1 1 , the year under report therefore consisted of 
only 38 acres in South Arcot [cost not given but ad- 
justed under VIII {/)], 119 acres in Tinuevelly (the 
cost of tho latter, viz., R2'J9, was nlso debited to VIII 
(/), but shown in Form No. 61) also) and 32 acres car- 
ilamom in Malabar (Wynoad). 
The cost during the year also includes 111, Ml paid on 
account of cost of Persian date-palms imported and 
R784 paid to Mr. Ferguson of Calicut for rubber experi- 
ments as per Board's Proceedings, dated 22nd April 
[886| Forest No. 12 1. Mi--. 
The 38 acres in South Arcot were ploughed nnd sown 
w i H i cashew and babul seeds, but the results were poor 
owing to the partial failure of north-east monsoon. 
In TinueYt-lly the operation-, wen- cbietlv confined to 
the Kudiraininlai ten reserved land in which 9(> acres 
were sown with 75,000 palmyra nuts. Several herds 
of goats were penned in another 23 acres nnd fed for 
five or ii\ days upon the full pods of Acacia planifroru, 
nnd the reproduction from the seed which passed 
through (he stouiaeli of these animals «ns, the District 
Forost otln er snys, all that could be desired. Some of 
the seedlings produced diod away owing to the un- 
usutl drought which ensued, but a sufficient number 
remain-, to produce a fnlly-st ick<-d I r. »t. 
Tbe nnlmyra nuts sowu have commenced to show 
their cotyledons above the surface ol tbe soil. The 
seedlings produced from sowings since 1879 nre, on tho 
Whole, in n ►atisfnetory condition, but thosr from sow- 
previous to that year are not progressing so favor- 
ably owing to the unfavorable situation of tho sites 
chosen. 
There were small cultural operations in a few other 
districts also, viz., in Uhiugleput about 900 plants of 
mahogauy, nagai, sissu and cork were transplanted and 
15,000 palmyra seeds sown along the boundary linos 
(5 miles) of Tirukalikuudram reserve. In North Arcot 
seeds were sown broadcast in some of the fuel and 
fodder reserves, and in a few others small pits 
were made and three or four seeds put in each. In 
Trichiuopoly the gaps along the Coleroon padugais 
were filled up. In Tanjore about 2,000 pinnai seeds 
were put down and eighteen jack seedliugs and sissu 
cuttings were planted, besides a few other seedlings 
of mango, tamarind, &c. In Malabar (Wynaad) 301b. 
of Ficu.i elaslica seeds from Assam were sowu in tbe 
beds in the botanical garden aud in the nurseries at 
Kanot. In the latter 1,109 plants were successfully 
raised and are on an average 3 feet high. The plants 
are quite healthy and vigorous. 2,000 mahogany seeds 
were sown in Kanot and 800 plants raised, but only' 
400 of these were alive at the close of the year. 
The site is probably too high and exposed. Mr. 
Morgan, the District Forest-officer, writes "Both in 
the case of Fieus elastica and mahogauy the loss of 
young plants from insects was very great. Cater- 
pillars attacked the seedlings of the former when in 
their earlier stages and mowed them down in thou- 
sands. These caterpillars were the larva; of a small 
grey moth aud nocturnal in their habits, only feed- 
ing at night and burying themselves by day. 
They were searched for and destroyed. In the case of 
mahogany, the young plants were cut down in the 
seed beds by a gryllus, aud thus no less than 400 of 
those raised were destroyed." Some Bcesha Travan- 
corica bamboo seedlings wo raised freru seed and 
planted in the nursery. A few of them were destroyed 
by white-ants and monkeys and the rest are growing 
vigorously, the plants being over 3£ feet high. Seven- 
teen cuttings of giar t bamboo (Dendrocalamvs Brandisii) 
were successlully struck and plauted out at Kanot, 
but only eight have survived. One cutting of the 
golden Burman bamboo planted out is doiug well. A 
considerable area was sown broadcast with teak seeds 
in Kanot tuckles (old clearings). In the Periya range 
about 32 acres were planted up with cardamoms, but 
only 50 per cent of the plants put out are now alive. 
In Malabar (Nilambur) 1,039 mahogany seedlings wore 
planted in Pauangode in addition to those planted 
with the teak, and 500 seedlings of Burma bamboos 
(Cephalostachgutn Pergracile and Dendrocalamus Longi- 
upathtis) were planted along tho river banks. 
♦ 
EDUCATING CONSUMERS. 
The character of a retail grocer's patronage may 
be accurately judged by the character of the goods 
in stock. Cheap goods means a common class of 
patrons ; fine goods, a class that live well and pay 
well ; an average stock, an average clas6 of cus- 
tomers. The grocer should always lead his trade, 
and constantly endeavor to increase the wants of 
his patrons by tempting them to use a greater 
variety of food products. He can do much to 
bring consumers to apppreciate distinctions in 
llavor and quality, and make them willing to pay 
tor the best. How shall we do it '? is the question 
thousands will ask, and to which no belter answer 
can be given than to show how one of the most 
successful grocers in Philadelphia makes trade. 
Here is n samplo of how he introduces a new tea 
to their notice:— 
Tin: coMiMi TEA roi: ami'Iucans. 
The almost universal uso of tea in England, and 
the general preference which is given to that be- 
verage over cofleo, fills many Americans with 
astonishment. But there is a cause for it. Instead 
of the " wishy-washy " liquid which tho average 
American has been taught to regard as tea, our 
Bnglitb cousins havo been treatod to a beverage 
whose richness, strength and fragrance have fur- 
nished that refreshment and invigorauon which 
