March i, 1889.I 'fHF. TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
647 
Felling Trees. — Hitherto machines for felling 
trees have been driven by steam power, but this is 
sometimes inconvenient, especially in thick woods, 
and electric power has recently been adopted in 
the Galician forests. Usually in such machines 
the trunk is sawn, but in this case it isldrilled. 
When the wood is of a soft nature the drill has a 
sweeping motion and cuts into the trunk by means 
of cutting edges on its sides. The drill is actuated 
by an electric motor mounted on a carriage, which 
is brought up closs to the tree and shackled to it. 
The motor is capable of turning round its vertical 
axis ; and the drill is geared to it in such a manner 
that it can turn through an arc of a circle and 
make a sweeping cut into the trunk. The first cut 
made, the drill is advanced a few inches and another 
section of the wood removed in the same way until 
the trunk is half severed. It is then clamped to 
keep the cut from closing, and the operation 
continued until it would be unsafe to go on. The 
remainder is finished by a handsaw or an axe. The 
current is conveyed to the motor by insulated leada 
brought through the forest from a generator placed 
in some convenient Bite. — 0. Mail. 
Wtnaad Notes, Feb. 12th. — Our hot weather has 
set in betimes, or rather before time, and the days 
are exceedingly sultry, though we are lucky in still 
having deliriously cool nights and mornings. There has 
been an unusually long spell without rain. The last 
shower, I think, fell on the 7th of December, and there 
are no signs at present of aDy more coming, so that, 
as you may suppose, the country begins to look ter- 
ribly dried up. Fortunately, the spike is generally 
backward, and we have had very little land wind to 
parch it. The weather-wise say that early showers 
may be expected, and should they prove true prophets, 
and should the fall be sufficient, we have every pros- 
pect of fine crops in the coming season. And really 
we deserve some such encouragement, for " Times," 
so far as the Inst crops are concerned, have been very 
hard with us. We hear most dismal accounts from all 
sides, not only of the disastrous shortness of crops, 
but of the bad quality of the coffee and that in many 
cases it never ripened at all and had to be stripped 
green off the trees in December. It is surprising that, 
with so much uncertainty attending coffee, more is 
not done in Wynaad in the cultivation of tea. 
We know that it thrives magnificently, and that 
the one plantation in the District which is being re- 
gularly worked is paying handsomely, and that large 
new openings will be th< j probable result of this present 
success. The secret popsibly is the want of capital. 
If we were like our brethren in Ceylon, whose en- 
terprises are backed up by the large Banking In- 
terests which, it is well known, rule planting affairs 
in that spicy Isle, we should probably alter the 
appearance of Wynaad in a very few years, and add 
comfortably to our present limited incomes. But to 
start tea profitably requires considerable acreage under 
cultivation, and a large outlay in the erection of facto- 
ries and machinery. Few of us at present are in a 
position to tackle these difficulties singlehanded, and 
so we drift on and yearn for possibilities as yet im- 
possible to us. If any one were inclined to invest capital 
in a planting venture, tea would be, I imagine, as safe 
as anything, and there is no doubt that the soil 
and climate of Wynaad are exceedingly suitable to 
th« growth and produce of that industry." 1 hear that 
very large extensions are shortly to be made in the 
Ouchterlouy Valley for tea. We were much interes- 
ted in a paragraph which lately, appeared in your 
columns anent the adulteration of coffee. It is a 
great pity that the matter is not more urgently pres- 
sed upon the notice of Government by planters 
and others. It is a orying evil, which calls for 
strict redress ; and it is wonderful that, in this 
importunate age, the subject is not more persistently 
kept before the consideration of the proper autho- 
rities. — Madras Times. 
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