July i, 1881.] 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
163 
HOW TO START A GARDEN AND MAKE IT 
PAY— (Continued from page 20). 
( From the Indian Tea Gazette. ) 
SECOND YEAR. 
R. 
Tea seed for planting at stake, and for nurseries, 
30 maunds, at R70 por maund ... 2,100 
Importation of 60 coolies, at R100 per head 
landed on the garden ... ... . 0,000 
Kngagement of 10 local labourers under a two 
years' agreement, at say R25 per head ... 250 
Wages of 125 labourers at an average of say 
R4 each per meusem ... ... ... 6,000 
Establishment (The same as in the former year) 3,072 
Loss on 1,200 maunds Rice, say ... ... 1,000 
Garden stores, implements &e , say . ... 800 
(lovcrnment fees, Law Expenses and 2nd 
instalment on account of Timber ... 650 
Station or Steamer Agent's salary ... ... ISO 
Calcutta Agents' charges, say ... ... 600 
Discount, Feed ot live Stock, Stationery, 
Postage, and other Contingencies, say ... 1,34S 
Total R22.000 
RESULTS AT END OF SECOND YEAR. 
Receipts ... ... Nil, 
Debit Balance ... R42.000 
NOTES ON THE SECOND YEAR'S ESTIMATE. 
Tea Seed. — Twenty-five maunds of seed would be 
required for the new extension of 50 acres, but in 
addition we have estimated for 5 maunds extra for the 
forming of a nursery or nurseries. It is advisable for 
many reasons that such should be made the second 
season. Five maunds of seed planted in nurseries 
would yield, the third season, sufficient seedlings to 
plant nut 10 acres 4' x 4', and till up, moreover, all 
vacancies that might occur during the second season 
in the 100 acres under plant. The third season wc 
BOuld thus plant out 10 acres with one year old seed- 
lings, leaving 40 acres for planting seed at stake. The 
advantage of having a nursery to fall back ou at the 
commencement of the third season is evident, for 
should an unusual number of plants die off in the 
100 acres during the second season, the number of 
Seedlings in the germinating beds would probably not 
Buffice to fill up the vacancies the third season. There 
would in all probability, as we have stated before, 
he a sufficient supply of seedlings (raised from the first 
year's seed) in the germinating beds to meet all 
demands during the second season, but the require- 
ments of the third season could not be met without 
the assistance of a nursery. 
General olist rra/iunx. All timber from the now 
clearance of 50 acres that is of any use for charcoal 
ihonld be cut up, stacked in bhattas, made into charcoal, 
and then carefully stored in the charcoal godown. 
As much of the timber as will not answer for charcoal, 
should, instead of being allowed to lie about, be stacked 
uuder cover for tiro wood. The value of theso sugges- 
tions will be felt in the fourth year, when, for the 
purpose of making charcoal, instead 01 having to take 
En a large number of hands from some other important 
work, much to its detriment, there will be a goodly 
store in the godown — more than sufficient most prob- 
ably for the demands of the season. To succeed, every- 
thing should be done decently and in order. If from 
commencement a regular system of work is 
and carried out, everything will go on 
jthly, ami nothing will be found undone that 
vlimiM hove been done. In some gardens work 
uwaya seems to bo behiud-hand, and everything seems 
to be dune in a hurry. The reason is not difficult 
to find. Unless there is a regular system drawn out, 
adopted, and rigidly adhered to, the work cannot be 
earned out properly. We would advise all Managers 
the very roi 
uloptt-d am 
to draw out a regular routine of work for the 1 
and to stick to it most tenaciously. What a difference 
it would make in some gardens. Instead of everything 
being behind-hand, the work would always bo in an 
advanced state ; there would be no hurry, and con- 
sequently everything would be done thoroughly and 
well. Successful results are achieved by orderly 
working, —doing things by degrees, and not all of a 
heap at the last moment. It is advantageous in many 
other ways besides that noted above, to remove all 
timber instead of allowing it to lie about and rot. 
It gives the garden a much neater appearance, and by 
not being in the way of the coolies when hoeing, the 
ground is better cultivated. We have heard it stated, 
also, that rotting timber lying about tends to bring 
on blight, and it may be it is the cause indirectly of 
some of the blights by which the tea bush is attacked. 
The 1 year old bushes towards the close of the season 
will require a slight "tipping." If they are vigorous 
healthy bushes, the amount of leaf obtained off the 
50 acres would most probably be about 800 lb. green 
leaf = 2mds. 20 seers manufactured tea. On no account 
should more than this quantity of leaf be allowed 
to be taken off. 
We consider it most essential that the Factory 
should be completely furnished and fitted in every 
respect before the commencin.r of manufacture in the 
fourth season. The Tea Machinery also should there- 
fore be ordered now, as a long time must needs 
elapse before it can be landed on the garden. The 
cost of the machinery, fittings, &c, we include in 
the estimate for the third year. 
THIRD YEAR. 
Tea seed, for planting at stake and for nurseries, R. 
30 maunds, at R70per maund ... ... 2,100 
Importation of 60 coolies, at R100 per head 
landed on the garden ... ... 6,000 
Engagement of 10 local labourers under a two 
years' agreement, at say R25 per head ... 250 
Wages of 176 labourers at an average of say 
R4 each per mensem ... ... S,448 
Establishment .. ... ... 3,672 
Loss on 1,800 maunds Rice, say ... ... 1,500 
Tea Machinery, landed on the Estate, say ...12,500 
Corrugated Iron Rooting, Fittings for Tea- 
house and Bungalow, Garden and Tea-house 
Stores and Implements, Furniture for Bungalow 4,000 
Government revenue at 3 annas per acre, 
Government fees, Law expenses, and last 
instalment of Timber ... ...1,000 
Station or Steamer Agent's salary ... ISO 
Calcutta charges, say ... ... 750 
Discount, Feed of live stock, Stationery, 
Postage, and other Contingencies, say ... 1,600 
Total 
R42 000 
RESULTS AT END OK THIRD YEA It. 
Receipts ... ... Nil- 
Debit Balauce ... ... R84.000 
NOTES ON THE THIRD YEAR'S ESTIMATE. 
— During this the third season we have one 
. acres under plant, from which we can obtain 
Two (nsiug three) year old bushes ... 50 acres. 
One (rising two) ,, ,, ,, ... 50 ,, 
We estimate that from the former wc should be able 
to take off without any the least injury to the 
bushes 1,760 lb. of leaf, and off the one year old bushes 
S0O lb., giving thus a total of 2,560 lb of green leaf = 8 
maunds of pucca tea. But we wish it to be distinctly 
understood that this plucking of leaf is simply done 
for the benefit of tho bushes, and not for the sa<o 
of obtaining a "return." Two year old and one 
year old bushes demand that they* should be lightly 
