3°° 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. [September i, 1881. 
meat at El -8-0 per acre to such of the planters as 
may at once offer for it. As it ia understood that 
the above terms generally meet the wants and wishes 
of the planters, His Highness the Maha Raja directs 
that the Survey Superintendent, iu communication 
■with the Deputy Commissioners of the respective 
districts, will at once take steps to carry into effect 
a settlement of the coffee lands on the above terms 
in the current year. The Survey Superintendent 
should, in communication with the Planters' Association 
and the Deputy Commissioners of Hassan and Kadur, 
submit a draft form of the title-deed to be issued 
to the planters. 
2. It will be seen that the Government right to 
a royalty on metals and precious stones, to sandal, 
and to an excise duty on arecanuts is reserved, and 
that the lands will continue to pay the established 
local cesses. 
3. The halat duty on coffee as well as on card- 
amoms will, on the introduction of this settlement, be 
abolished. In regard to cardamoms on Government 
forest lands which are not held on cultivation pattas, 
arrangements should be made for their being given 
out on rent annually or for longer terms. 
4. Where the lower rates of assessment provided 
for temporarily by Rules 3 and 7 are fixed, planteis 
will be allowed a permanent assessment at Rl-8-0 per 
acre to take effect after the expiration of the tem- 
porary assessment, but their applications for the same 
should, as in other cases, be submitted at once. 
5. If Rule 9 requiring that estates not exceeding 
fifty acres iu extent should be relinquished wholly and 
not iu part is found to operate with hardship in the 
case of the smaller coffee estates held by Native ryots, 
the Survey Superintendent should submit for con- 
sideration any modification of the Rule which may 
be required in the above cases. 
USEFUL WRINKLES AND RECIPES 
FOR PLANTERS. 
(From the Indian Tea Gazette, 16th July 1881.) 
Fertilizer, A cheap. — This consists of sulphate of 
aininonia, 601b ; nitrate of soda, 40 1b.; ground bone, 
2501b; plaster, 250 1b,; salt, § bushel; wood ashes, 
3 bushels ; stable manure, 20 bushels. Apply the above 
amount to six acres. It is said to give as good results 
as most of the commercial fertilizers sold. 
Bones, Value of, as a fertilizer.— 100 lb. of dry 
bone-dust add to the soil as much organic auimal 
matter as 3001b. of blood or flesh, and also at the 
same time § their weight of inorganic matter — lime, 
magnesia, common salt, soda and phosphoric acid. 
Superphosphate of lime, commonly used by farmers, 
is simply bones treated with -J their weight sulphuric 
acid and an equil quantity of water. 
Sub-Soil Drain, A simple.— An excellent sub soil 
drain may be made by digging a trench, and filling 
in the bottom with sticks of wood compressing thern 
together with the feet and then covering them with 
the mould. The effectiveness of such a drain will 
endure for several years, and the final decay of the 
wood will serve to enrich the soil. 
Caterpillars, Remedy for, — A solution (1 part in 
500) of sulpliide of potassium, sprinkled on the tree by 
means of a hand-syringe, is extensively used in France. 
Insects on Plants, To discover.— If the leaves of the 
plant seem reddish, or yellow, or if they curl up, a 
close inspection will generally disclose that the 
plants are infested by a very small green insect, or 
else with red spider, either of which must be de- 
stroyed. For this purpose, scald some common tobacco 
with water until the latter is colored yellow, and 
vhfB cold, r-prinkle the leaves of the plants with it. 
It is a good plan to pass the stems and leaves of 
the plants between the fingers, and to then shake 
the plant and well water the bed immediately after- 
wards ; the latter operation destroys a large propor- 
tion of the insects shaken from the plant. 
Stumps, Clearing off. — In the autumn, bore a hole 
1 to 2 inches in diameter, according to the girth of 
the stump, vertically m the centre of the latter and 
about 18 inches deep. Put into it from 1 to 3 oz. 
saltpetre ; fill the hole with water, and plug up 
close. In the ensuing spring take out the plug, pour 
in about \ gill ketosine oil and ignite it. The stump 
will smoulder away, without blazing, to the very 
extremity of the roots, having nothing but ashes. 
Trees, Felling. — To find the height at which a tree 
must be cut, so that its top will strike a given point 
on the ground : Square the height of tree and the 
given distance from tree to point. Divide the differ- 
ence of these squares by twice the height of tree, 
and the quotient will be the height from the ground 
where the tree has to be cut. Example : Height of 
tree=60 feet, distance of point to the tree 20 feet, 
then 60' 2 =3600, 20* =400, difference=3200. 3200-f- 
(2x60) =26.6 feet. 
Saws, Hints concerning. — A saw just large enough 
to cut through a board will require less power than 
a saw larger, the number of teeth, speed, and thick- 
ness being equal in each. The more teeth, th<> more 
power, provided the thickness, speed, and feed are 
equal. There is, however, a limit or a point where 
a lew teeth will not answer the place of a large number. 
The thinner the saw, the more teeth will be required 
to carry an equal amount of feed to each revolution 
of the saw, but always at the expense of power. When 
bench-saws are used, and the sawing is done by a gauge, 
the lumber is often inclined to clatter and raise up 
the back of the saws when pushed hard. 
The reason is that the back half of the saw, having 
an upward motion, has a tendency to lift and raise 
the piece being sawn, especially when it springs 
and pinches on the saw, or crowds between the saw 
and the gauge while the cut at the front of the saw 
has the opposite tendency of holding that part of the 
piece down. The hook or pitch of a saw tooth should 
be on a line from one-quarter to one-fifth the diameter 
of the saw : one-quarter pitch is mostly used for hard, 
and a one-fifth for a softer timber. For very fine 
toothed saws designed for heavy work, such as saw- 
inn shingles, &c, even from soft wood, one-quarter 
pitch is best. 
Anent Tea Plucking.— I have been trying to make 
very fine teas separately by the following means, viz., 
by plucking the tip and one leaf, and then as many 
leaves as were tender ; I mean plucking the tip and one 
haf separately, but putting all the leaf in one basket 
and then sifting it when half rolled. By doing this, 
when once the coolies get in the way of it, they can 
pluck nearly as much as by the ordinary system, and 
what little less they bring in is made up for by the 
advantage of being ab'e to roll and ferment the fine 
tea by itself.— J. P. B.— Indian Tea Gazette. 
Eight Days' Leaf. -Tea shoots are seldom plucked 
at less than 30, 35 and 40 days old at soonest, and 
occasionally 50 ; a shoot of 8 days' old is generally 
about fth of an inch long, and the sort of crop we 
should get by this we can guess, — very " tippy " indeed, 
I should say. He has evidently heard the expression 
8 and 10 days' leaf, i. e. time since last plucking, 
and imagines this the age of the shoots taken, but 
which then were part grown, but not mature enough 
to take, A shoot from the axil of a leaf just plucked, is 
about I to § of an inch long 8 days after, at 20 days 
is about an inch long, at 30 days 3 inches, and 40 
days 6 inches thereabouts ; the sketch enclosed of a 
vigorous shoot 11 inches long and 5 leaves is 50 days 
from time it started till drawn. — S. E. P.— Indian Tea 
Gazette. 
