December r, 1881.] THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
537 
pharmaceutical purposes, 
Soiitli American origin i 
and very rarely of good 
that cultivated cinchona 
now officinal, partly beca 
with lalse Larks, and 111 
(infrequently mixed with 
not to be distinguished 
by 
of cinchona hi 
in alinosl 1111 
owing to the 
Lower elevatii 
cultivated ov< 
Owing l 'i tin 
it contains, a 
not adapted 
For these rei 
already sugge 
c. sucevrubra 
medicine and 
thai purchase 
a state 
supplie 
tions, 
be of 1 
the flu 
to the 
deposit 
desirab 
Pharmi 
Mr. II 
tofusio 
the Bn 
the pa 
be sup 
which 
States, 
tion, 0 
and hp 
accordi 
Mr. He 
.ark. tha 
nt of the 
;o them, ii 
m made f 
sfactory c 
:iers except 
\ uhtai.ia.hlc 
ood quality, 
grows at a 
agated, and 
)ther kinds, 
piinine that 
:aloids, it is 
prepara- 
should 
ngth of 
wording 
.bability 
desira!.' 
gentian, it 
ents should he retainei 
Mr. W. de Neufville, 
got, look exception 
Flmkiv.i- llmt Hal cal 
British Pharmacopoeia, 
ally impoito I than liith' 
that dming the last fe 
has so considerably Lni 
mil been capable of ahs 
aritv of importation, c 
the shipments of calisa 
Hi,- assumption of Pre 
than those of barks fro 
America, th 
ii ot tne United States 
rth that of the British, 
or the decoction nor the 
■ises any advantage over 
juld be a boon both to 
these preparations could 
:1s the simple tincture, 
ig to the British, United 
whether I lie-e ingredi 
upon the same sub- 
;ement of _ 
{ of the 
ss regul- 
e asserts 
which 
ipply fri 
altogether, owing to the frequent drought ol the Mag- 
dalcna and other rivers. As opposed to the recom- 
mendation to supersede South American by Indian-grown 
hark-, Mr. de Neufville pointed out that the planting 
and cultivation of cinchonas has already been commenced 
in Bolivia and Peru and that the results have been very 
satisfactory, the produce of Hum' plantations having 
been ..old for high prices in the London market during 
the hi>t two years. Mr. do Neufville also urged that 
if the Hat calisayn of American origin is to be aban- 
doned, because it does not contain sufficient quinine, 
then Is no reason why the American calisaya quill hark 
Epuld DOt lake its place, BincO it is rich ill quinine, 
BOOtains U good proportion of other alkaloids, and is 
May to work. 
In the disenssion that followed tho reading of those 
three papers Mr. Wellcome suggested that, ill \ iew of 
thcdiil . nl- '. attending the separation of tho oinohona alkal- 
oids, the pcivelitiige of total alkaloids should he taken 
a- an index of the value of a bark. Mr. Brady said 
s.lhje, 
that 1 
or kmds of bark should 
purposes. He did hot 1 
American baric should 1 
of Indian growth, altho 
Indian " brown " and red 
desirable. The Indian rei 
into use on the i !onl inenl 
quill calisaya, would satisfy all requirements. 
lue to Mr. Howard 
ml by the contribu- 
ing illustrations by 
, being called upon 
remarks upon the 
ry general opinion 
alteration as to the 
al in the Pharma- 
1 to be what kind 
for pharmaceutical 
;he suggestion that 
superseded by that 
:eUent qualities of 
id their introduction 
•eady coming largely 
ther with American 
CAT-PROOF GARDEN FENCE. 
TO THE EDITOR OF THE " AUSTRALASIAN. 1 ' 
Sm, — In answer to " Florist," who, in your issue of 
27th ult., wishes to know how cats may be^-kept from 
climbing over his paling fence into his garden, a sim- 
ple way is to nail on the outside of the fence, near 
the top, a continuous strip of tin or iron about 9 in. 
wide, to extend the whole length of the fence, and he 
will find that this will effectually keep out cats, opos- 
sums, et id geniis omnc. Bdshjiau. 
Rockhampton, Sept. 6. 
ITNid'S HCNTINti. 
The town of Leeds has, within the last few days, 
been the gathering point of a largo number of distin- 
guished mycologists, who met there for the purpose; of 
carrying out a "fungus foray" and obtaining a better 
knowledge of the fungi of Yorkshire. The arrangements 
for this meeting were made by the Yorkshire Natural- 
ists' Union, and as the result of excursions to Harro- 
gate and Ripon, a collection of specimens was obtained, 
which, together with contributions from other parts of 
the country, furnished material for an exhibition at the 
Mechanics' Institute in Leeds that was both interest- 
ing and instructive to those who visited it. 
In the afternoon of Saturday a lecture on Fungi was 
given by Mr. Plowright, of Lynn, in which he described 
their structure and the mode of reproduction of spores. 
mushroom sauce, wh 
had an opportunity ( 
property ": f Fictuli 
the digestive 
sjia and 
repa/ndum, which had been prepared according 
to the recipes in a monastic cookery-book tln - ee hundred 
In tho course of the evening, Mr. J. Horsfall referred 
to one branch of mycology as baring special interest 
for the medical profession, since it is highly probable 
that the woolsorters' disease, scarlet fever and other 
diseases are of fungoid origin. — Pharmaceutical Journal. 
THE COFFEE AND SCUAll PRMHVINii 
COUNTRIES. 
CEYLON. 
.From tho American Grocer.) 
Besides coffee the chief products of the island are 
coconut oil and pearls, the latter ate Ashed around 
Mannar Island, and are in beauty and value only sur- 
passed bj those of the Persian Gralf, the annual product 
of those pearls being about £260.000. The island for- 
