January 2, 1882.] 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
637 
from coppice, whit 
be quite as healtl 
Mr Rows m thinks 
what for a month 
getting somewhat j 
ly recover, so th 
trees do fail to reuew th 
but it is very uncommon 
shows that their root syst 
too late, and [ am inclined to atti 
Mr. Rowson's opinion. 
to this e 
appear to suffer some- 
after being stripped, 
had been 
would ha 
f, but that they rapid- 
just after the bark- 
Of ^ thf 
entertained against the 
all euckei 
this is owing to the 
have grbi 
been broken off; the 
fifty-eight 
mbarked trees. Some 
but the s 
and of 2 
is rerj rare to find 
its effects. The bark 
i ,,,, nawanfi'hlo Aiffi»>. 
till 
on rich soil than on poor. Carelessness m barking 
prevents immediate renewal and may cause the death 
of a tree. 
36. Elevation for " SuccimWa. "—The " Succirubra " 
does not attain the same size at Naduvatam as it docs 
in Wyiiaad and elsewhere at lower elevations ; it grows 
to ohout HO feet in Ecuador, and on the Tinnevelly 
irhats. at I!. 000 feel, it lias been measured W> fee! in 
mow how far 
elevations is 
pays well on 
' — " Succirubra " is 
we cannot state the 
ed, or when barked 
Mnh, 
lid 
that the eight times b 
healthy anil that iiie re 
than the natural bark, 
adopt any other system than the present one, the credit 
of which entirely belongs to Mr. Mclvor; and it 
should, I certainly think, be pursued as long as the 
trees appear healthy, but trees showing signs of decay 
should bo either coppiced or uprooted. 
89. ( 'oppicing. —Certains paragraphs show the results 
of the coppicing at Naduvatam in 1879. The coppicing 
process was very well carried out, the stools being sawn 
through about 3 inches above the ground and adzed 
over with a convex surface to nearly flush with the 
(ground ; the growth is very healthy and promising wherever 
the coppice has succeeded, 
In the 1*01 planting, 2,319 "Succirubra" trees, all 
breViouslj barked four times, were carefully coppiced 
early in June 1879; 185 stools have died, 2,134 are 
growing luxuriantly. In the 180'.» planting, 2,628 im- 
parked " Succirubra " trees coppiced in the same man- 
ner in July 1*79 : it;.! stools died, 1,655 growing lux- 
uriantly. 
Here we have a great anomaly: trees fifteen years 
old have succeeded from coppice with a far better per- 
centage than trees only ten years old; this is quite 
opposed to my experience in the ooppice of any other 
trees, the growth being generally far more successful 
in the younger trees ; old or even mature trees often 
failing altogether to make coppice growth beyond a few 
twigs which die off, when saplings or young "trees of 
the same species glow most readily; this is always the 
case with "Teak" and "Babul." Again, it is note 
worthy that the four-timee barked trees have succeeded 
from coppice with a better percentage than the 
Onbarked fcn I 
Both these data, however, are more or less valueless, 
as the I8t'»!t planting wax coppiced nearly a month later 
than that of 1864 the sap was therefore more up and 
the trees bled much more which may account for the 
extra failures. The coppicing of both vear.- wa- curried 
100 
"Succirubra" of the 
unbai'ked", coppiced i 
be coppiced i 
It is an est 
left when th 
trees have i 
i the failures 
ly : it the coppice 
; is probable there 
i of healthy trees, 
carried out more 
Succirubra " trees 
I in October 1873, 
e died, thirty-five 
7 feet high, and of 
>iced ru May 1873, 
ne stool is dead; 
ne year in another 
M-rs a 
i 10 years old) no 
not elapsed, The 
0 lb., but in 1S01 
by; and of 115 
)f poor growth and 
thirty-three stools 
9 feet high and 
c bo 
ding 
all grow again without any failures. 
40. Uprooting. — I do not tliink that this is to be 
thought of as a harvesting system, but I would uproot 
all " Succirubra " on. grrass land at Na luvatam and 
elsewhere, where it is advisable*) replace it with " Officin- 
alis " or " Pubescens." It is doubtful how far seed- 
lings will succeed on land immediately after it is up- 
rooted ; it will probably be found necessary that it should 
remain fallow for a certain period. 
41. Scraping. — As to the new Java method of scrap- 
iug, we want, I think, more experience. This first at- 
tempt (vide paragraph 24) has, it will be 6een, proved 
a failure with " Succirubra," and caused the loss of a 
great number of trees ; it would probably not fad if the 
trees were mossed or grassed over after the scraping, 
hut one ef its advantages was the supposition that the 
expense of this would be unnecessary. I am inclined 
to think that the trees arc much more likely to Buffer 
from the complete scraping than from the partial bark- 
ing in alternate strips ; we have yet to learn if the 
scraped bark is more valuable in the market than the 
stripped bark. 
12. Oram, u substitute for Moss. — For the Last two 
years Mr. Rowson has employed the course Lemon grass 
of the hills (sAmdrapdgon Martini and Schanantlnts) as 
a substitute for moss for covering the trees after ship- 
ping off the bark ; it appears to answer in every way 
as well as moss, the bark never failing to renew ; the 
grass of course lncks the hydronietrie properties of moss, 
and it is possible that bark renewed under it may not 
bo ' so replete with alkaloids, but I see no reason to 
fear this; the grass costs only about one-third what 
moss does, and moss might in time be exterminated ; 
the moss must act like a sponge round the tree in wet 
weather when the bulk is growing most rapidly, and 
considering how replete the bark itself is with moisture, 
this is, I think, more likely to be injurious than bene- 
ficial ; all thai is probably required being protection from 
Bolar influences and from wind. The first report on bark 
renewed under grass, however, will be of great interest. 
