February i, 1882.] THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
Almox us. 
56334,713, v 
I'OTVI'OS. 
to 9,755,51 
OltANGKS 
of Oranges 
the value b 
The Cm 
alluded to, 
" Pimento,' 
>,763 cwt. of Air 
imported in 18*0.- 
o imports of Potati 
cayenne pepper 
y I be Spaniards 
wh 
ported from Spam. This Iargeand hands 
often as larg,< as a good-sized tomato, is i 
scarlet and golden- y el low. lis appearai 
to all who have visited the vegetab 
Southern Europe at the season when 
is largely used in salads, and the large 
for sale are very couspicious by the beauty of their 
colours. When ground the pods are both used for a 
e markets 01 
fc is ripe. It 
heaps exposed 
peculiar fresh flavour whic 
the 
ssess, and also 
for 
Snake 
I^Wynl 
5, p. 812 
time befi 
ho only f 
i in medial 
compiled 
well-kno 
showing 
countries 
for this 
yields o 
ishe- 
PIh 
nal. 
II. 
poison. — Ibid. 
. — A carefully 
1 chart, by the 
Kains- Jackson, 
ihed with the Graphic 
3olourod diagrams the 
such as Wheat, Rye, 
lour i in port 8 into the 
ve years ; the Hop and 
ount of live stock, in- 
sheep, for the current 
admirable survey of the subject with which it, deals, 
and at the present time, when the question of foreign 
and home agriculture is so universally under discussion, 
it will prove of great value for reference purposes, 
and of the highest interest to all concerned in 
agricultural operations. — Gardeners' Chronicle. 
Water and Typhoid Fever. — Dr. Lowe, of King's 
Lynn, throws out a valuable suggestion in the Lancet 
Hjfovember 12, 1881, p. 853), which deserves the atten- 
tion of pharmacists. He points out the great danger 
of contracting typhoid fever by total abstainers or 
travellers, from drinking impure water. His experience 
has led him, when travelling, always to carry a small 
case containing a kettle and spirit lump, and invariably 
tu boil watt r before drinking it ; also to apply Nessler's 
test to it. He suggests that if 10 or 15 drops of that 
rtagent were enclosed in a thin glass capsule and 
hermetically sealed, the fluid would keep for a length 
of time, and a dozen or so packed in a box would 
form a valuable addition to a traveller's outfit. One 
of the capsules, broken in a wineglass, and a spoon- 
ful or so of the suspected water added, would show 
at once if it were of n dangerous nature, and might 
thus be the means of saving life. The danger of drinking 
BBfiltered water was also strikingly shown by l>r. 
Enbbold, at a recent meeting of the Linnean Society. 
A iM'ntleinau, who had been on u >l t in ^ expedition 
in Egypt, incautiously drank soino ea»al water without 
Using a pocket ti Iter, and eon?ei|iieiii|' became infested 
wi'han internal parasite, /iilh'irjn Iminatobia. Some 
hundreds of the ova taken from a drop of urine wi ru 
exhibited at the meeting, during the course of which 
the) were hatehed under the inier pe, run I the hu v.e 
appeuvd under the form of e '.shaped eiliated in- 
fusorial animalculro. These, id oourae, would easily 
be overlooked in drinking water, mid would give rile 
to hematuria.— I'harmactiUieal Joilmtil, 
Manures. — In 1880 the quantities and values of 
imported manures were : — Bones of animals and fish 
for manure only, 78 138 tons, value £436,186 ; guano, 
80,497 tons, value £S10.177; unenumerated, 192,040 
tons, value £537,279 — the total values being £1,783,642. 
Vegetation in China.— The British Consul report- 
ing on tho trade of the port of Wenchow in China, 
describes a short journey made by him in April, 
100 miles westward up the river Ou, on which 
Wenchow is situated, to the prefcctural city of Ch'u 
Chow. He descrbes the natives as being extremely 
amiable all along the route, whereas those to the 
south are most uncouth and unfriendly. At a distance 
of 40 miles from Wenchow lies the small and 
dilapidated city of Ch'ing Tien, famous for its iron 
and soapstone ; the iron is of excellent quality, but 
the natives do not understand the art of manufact- 
uring it well, and consequently import a considerable 
amount of foreign nail-rod iron in preference to it. 
From Ch'ing Tien to Ch'u Chow a succession of 
rapids have to be crossed, which makes it a tedious 
journey for the traveller, and a most laborious one 
for the boatmen, who have to get out aud haul their 
flat-bottomed boats by sheer force ovlt the rapids. 
In times of drought there is not sufficient water 
for any but the smallest boats to come down, which 
is a considerable hindrance to the trade of the port,' 
Though it was early in April there were splendid 
crops of Wheats, fields upon fields of the opium 
Poppy in full bloom, as well as Peas and Beans, 
almost ready for gathering. The bills were covered 
with the valuable Tea-oil shrub (Camellia Sasanqua) ; the 
small fruits are abundantly produced, and when ripe 
they burst, aud two or three brown seeds drop out : from 
these the oil is expressed. There were also quantities 
of a beautiful flowering tree, which produces another 
valuable oil, much used for varnish and to oil the native 
Umbrellas. Vegetable tallow trees were also abundant, 
but not yet in foliage, wheraas in the autumn they quite 
light up the country with their scarlet leaves and in- 
numerable bunches of snow-white seeds. It is from the 
neighbourhood of Ch'u Chow that the Bamboos and 
timber-poles are brought down in endless quantities to 
Wenchow, for export. Ch'u Chow, too, is the principal 
seat of the Coir Palm, from the fibre ofwhich excellent 
rain-coats and mats arc made. For about 28. a fisher- 
SroNGF.s. — Some time since mention was made in 
these columns of the mode of growing sponges from 
cuttings, proposed by Professor Oscar Schmidt of 
Gratz. According to Neiv Remedies (p. 321), several 
dealers in New York are exhibiting sponges that have 
been grown in this way, so that the industry has become 
an established fact. In ono experiment four thousand 
sponges were thus grown, at a total cost of 50 dollars, 
aud the cultivation is now being repeated successfully 
at Pine Key, in Florida. Whilst speaking of sponges 
attention may be directed to nn interesting paper 
by M. J. Hamilton, M.B., in the Edinburgh MtdiaA 
Journal (November), in which he shows that sponge, 
rendered antiseptic and inserted in a wound, acts in 
tho same way as blood clot or fibrous lymph in be- 
coming vascularized and replaced by cicatrical tissue. 
In ten days it seemed to bo Blightly vascular, and 
bled when pricked. In one case after tho sponge had 
become filled with tissue and had compli tely dis.ippcai • d, 
tho clipping out of a small portion was not attended 
witli pain, showing that probably nerves had not 
found their way into the lew ma.ss. Mr. Hamilton 
considers that the blood vessels arc the primary, and 
the connective tissue elements the secondary factors in 
the (irgani/iiu' process, which he looks upon as a healing 
up rather than as a contracting down one, the capil- 
laries being throwm up a« granulation loopshy the pro. 
polling action of tho hoart. — P/mrmaetuticat Jour:i<il. 
