March r, 1882.] 
THE TROPICAL 
AGRICULTURIST. 
805 
to support their shorter estimates of coffee from Rio. 
They do nut believe that 1,500,000 bags could be kept 
upcountry, and add :— 
We are by no means convinced that the quantity of 
old coffee remaining upcountry is so largo, and we vent- 
ure to maintain our opinion that the receipts will be 
smaller, and may eveu fall to such a point as will revive the 
lifeless markets of Europe and America. 
We wish we could share this hopeful view. Regarding 
Santos, the price current we are noticing states : — 
The Santos crop of 1881-82 is variously estimated from 
1,500,000 to 1,800,000 bags, but taking it at the average 
of these two figures, viz., 1,650,000 bags, and deducting 
the shipments of the first six months of the season, viz., 
755,000 bags, we find available, for the six mouths from 
1st January to 30th June, 1882, 802,000 bags. 
It looks, therefore, at present as if the shipments from 
Santos during the next six months were likely to be largely 
in excess of those during the same period of last year. 
If the present Santos crop does not, however, much 
exceed 1,500,000 bags, which is the estimate of our own 
Santos correspondents, and if the Santos planters hold 
back rather more coffee than usual, the quantity that will 
be shipped to Europe during the next six months may after 
all not be so large. 
It must, however, be remembered that Messrs. Kradshaw 
and other eminent authorities estimate the 1882-83 or 
following crop at 2,000,000 bags. Santos coffee is not likely, 
therefore, to be less plentiful for some time to come than 
it is now, and we doubt the wisdom of paying a premium 
for future and distant delivery of this kind of coffee, as is 
at present being done in the Havre market. 
The stocks of Brazil coffee in the United States were 
15,000 tons in excess of last year,* while in the 
"United Kingdom, Holland, Hamburg, Trieste, Havre, 
Antwerp and Marseilles, we get an excess of 36,000: 
together 51,000 tons over the stocks at the end of 
1880. To this has to be added the large stocks in 
the two Brazil ports, and then we can understand 
the heavy fall which has taken place in prices. 
Amongst hopeful facts we note that the deliveries 
of coffee at Havre rose from 43,459 tons in 18S0 to 
54,877, or more than 11,000 tons excess, in 1881. 
But it is iu the United States that the great increase 
of consumption is shewn which has prevented worse 
consequences and at an earlier date than have 
occurred. The increase in five years has been from 
134,000 tons to 195,000, an excess of 51,000 tons, or 
in cwt. 1,020,000; tha actual consumption last year 
by the forty-live (?) millions of people being 3,900,000 
cwt. The deliveries for the past two years have in 
fact exceeded the imports as in the case of Indian 
tea in Britain. Here are the figures for advancing 
consumption in I he United States: — 
1877 ... 134,500 tons 
1878 ... 144,000 „ 
1879 ... 180,000 ,, 
1880 ... 174,000 „ 
1881 ... 195,700 „ 
The contrast, in the case of the United Kingdom, 
in deplorable. Onr population ha* increased to about 
thirty- lour millions, but the consumption of coffee has 
gone down from 15.000 in 1S79 to 14,300 ions in 
1881. We are in truth now 100 tons below the 
figure for 1873. Those who place faith iu the impudent 
fallacy that the mixing of chicory with coffee helps 
instead of hindering the sale and ueo of the latter 
will do well to liv.en to what Messrs I'.itrv \ I'.i-tet r 
* Patry & Pasteur, on the contrary, show 17,700 tons 
nly of stocks against 19,000, or 1,300 tons decrease ! 
have to say upon the subject. They represent the 
use of coffee as being abandoned, because those who 
wished to drink the gennine article despaired of ob- 
taining it : — 
From the above figures, it will be seen that the trade in 
this article in the United Kingdom has been smaller than in 
any of the previous teu years, both as regards import, ex- 
port, and we may even say consumption, if we bear iu 
mind the increase of population which has taken place in 
the last eight years : aud eveu the consumption of chicory 
in 1881 shows a slight decrease on that of 1880; but no 
one in the trade will be surprised at this, as it is the nat- 
ural result of the unchecked and unprincipled adulteration 
going on under Covernment sanction and protection; and 
the impossibility which exists iu many places for consumers 
to procure anything but a vile mixture under the name of 
coffee, is probably driving many of them to give up the use 
of the article altogether. 
The gentlemen who were responsible for "burking" 
the "Adulteration Memorial" in the Planters 
Association may well take shame to themselves after 
this.— Continuing their review, Messrs. Patry & 
Pasteur write: — 
Prices have declined considerably during the past year 
and they are now lower for Ceylon and East India 
both plantation and native, than at any time since 187l' 
As compared with this time last year, the decline upon 
plantation coffee is 10s per cwt., on Rio Us per cwt on 
Santos 14s per cwt., and 4 cents on Jaua in Holland. ' 
The deliveries for consumption in the principal Europeau 
ports are estimated at 369,600 tons in 1881, against 348 800 
tons iu 1880, and 375,500 tons iu 1879, and iu the United 
States at 194,000 tons, against 174,000 in 1880 and 180000 
in 1879. 
Taking these figures as reliable, the total consumption 
of Europe aud the United States iu 1881 amounted 
to :-- 
Europe ... 370,000 tons=7, 400.000 cwt. 
United States 194,000 ,, == 3,880,000 
Together ... 561,000 ,,=11,280,000 " 
The consumption in Australasia, &c, and in coffee- 
producing countries will raise this figure to over 
700,000 tons— 14,00 1,000 cwt. We had received a letter 
from a planter questioning the figures quoted ftom 
the Statist with reference to Java crops. But we see 
no reason to doubt their correc aess. In the 11 years 
1871 to 1SSI, the exports from Java have fluctuated 
greatly. In 1871 the total was only 32,000 tons, of 
which 446,000 bags were government and 60,000 
private growers' produce. The very next year the 
export rose to 68,000 tons, made up of 980,00 > bags 
government aud 99 000 private,— the proportion of 
the latter being very little over 10 per cent of the 
whole. This proportion was largely increased when 
the big crop of 1876 came. Of the 96,000 tons ex- 
ported that year, '240,000 bags were private against 
1,286.000 government;. Each big, no doubt, contains 
about a pikul, for the total number of bags was 
1,526,000, while the equivalent of 96.000 tons in cwt. 
is 1,920,000. Java, therefore, has never come closer 
to the rouud two millions thm within S0.00O cwt.; 
while Ceylon did not, in her be»t year, IS69, go quite 
70.000 cwt. beyond the rouud million. In 1S-0 the 
Java export went down to 49,000 tons from 94,000 
in 1879, a fall of more than ouo half. Last year, 
however, there wai a recovery to 82,500 tous, tho 
proportion of private (notwithstanding the policy of 
tho Dutch Qovenunent) iu ipehing estate* on tho 
best mountain ranges and forbidding tho pntenoB of 
