:VL\y i, 1882.] 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST 
93 1 
and Trophy. The former is : 
(limn growth mid a sure, fru 
the largest varieties, very pi 
passed in quality. Seed of si 
be sowd at once in brisk bea 
fill their pots with roots, am 
stems till they reach the hoi 
they lire to he trained, when 
grow as single or double co: 
aersbury. -Gardeners' Chronic 
idsome variety of me- 
the latter is one of 
and perhaps unsur- 
fche trellis to 
should he alk 
THE COFFEE AND SUGAR PRODUCING 
COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD. 
HAITI. 
Tins island was discovered by Columbus in 1-192, and 
is next to Cuba the largest of the West India islands. 
It is upward of 400 miles in length, from east to west, 
and averages more than 100 in breadth, covering an area 
of 29,510 square miles. During the past sixty years 
Flayti has at times been a kingdom, an empire, and a 
republic after a series of revolutions, which finally, some 
forty yoars ago, enabled the Spanish portion to separate 
from Hayti and sot up as an independent republic. 
Sugar-planting has nover revived in Hayti, but coffee- 
planting has. In a good crop year Hayti produces 30,000 
tons of coffee, against half that much thirty years ago. 
On the whole Hayti coffee is prepared for market sloth- 
fully, containing must of it little stones which have to 
bo picked out by hand, too expensive a method for 
(his country. Hence the bulk goes to Europe, and even 
the greater portion of what arrives here is rcshipped to 
Bavre, ^nl werp, and Hamburg. Its quality is tolerably 
pure luit in appearance it i> irregular, and in Europe, 
we presume, it is greatly used, to he mixed with other 
sorts. The present government is prevailing upon the 
petty planters in the interior to bestow more care and 
attention upon the preparing for market of this, the 
chief product of the island, and issued a circular the 
other day to its consuls abroad promising a notable im- 
provement in this respect in the future. 
That in this item President Solomon and his cabinet 
may have their efforts crowned with success, we sin- 
cerely hope. Various, sorts of Hayti coffee are very 
lim indeed, not only in point of flavour, but in looks, 
and with a more diligent and intelligent planting, pick- 
ing and preparing, the entire crop may in the course 
of a few years show a great improvement, and easily 
average 10 to 15 per cent more, which would be an 
annual gain of $:100,000 to Sol 10,000, not to he despised 
in a comparatively poor country. 
Cocoa production does not amount to much in Hayti, 
the quality being too had ; no doubt likewise suscept- 
ible of improvement by better treatment. The next im- 
portant export to coffee is logwood, and there is some 
honey, a good deal of tine mahogany and some other 
woods. — Rio Xeica. 
THE WHITE GRUB ON PASTURE. 
E. M. Reach, Sangomon Co., 111., writes us an account 
of the past ure of his neighbour, "T. H. E." The writer 
states that* the pasture, social wars established, had 
uewr been fed very close, and last year, especially, the 
giuss made quite a strong growth. This year about one- 
half of the pasture is quite billed by the White Grub. 
In places every root U so completely destroyed tb.it 
the grasB can be swept off "as you would sweep BUOW 
from a plank." He asks, " where do these grubs come 
Dam?"— and "will the pasture rest itself, or inn I it 
be broken up and rosown?" He concludes Ids letter 
by gaving: "The grab question bus become a lOliollH 
one, and our people do uol understand it." If our 
friend's neighbour's do not understand the " grub qu. 
tiou," it is not be on use the American djjricultwUt bus 
not kept them informed upon it. When we published' 
a few years ago, the remarkable destruction which 
we witnessed upon the lawn of one of the finest 
places in New England, described the grub, and gave 
the remedies that seemed to be the most useful, it is 
probable that our friend took but slight notice of it, 
as it was so far away from home. So to begin anew, 
and answer the question, " where do these grubs come 
from ? " — They are the larvic or grub state of the brow n 
beetle, that is commonly known as the " May-bug,' 
" June-bug," or " Dor-bug," which, when it enters the 
house, attracted by the light in May and June, bounces 
about and knocks its head against the walls and coil- 
ing in such a manner as to attract notice. When a 
few of these enter the house, it is probably that there 
arc many more elsewhere. If the fruit trees in the 
neighbourhood he examined, no doubt but large numbers 
may be found ; they especially harbour in cherry trees. 
In early morning, when they are torpid, large numbers 
may he shaken down, caught upon cloths, and killed. 
Every female beetle thus destroyed prevents the laying 
of over 100 eggs, some say over 200. The eggs are 
laid in the ground, and the grubs require three years 
to complete their growth. They feed upon young roou, 
but they do not appear to he large enough to do their 
worst mischief until their last year, when their woik 
upon the grass roots is often most disastrous. Our 
friend is right in saying that the " grub question is a 
most serious one," and it appears as if it were to be- 
come to our farmers what the "Cockchafer question" 
is in England, and the " Hauneton question " in France. 
In those countries, a closely related insect, with very 
similar habits, is such a pest that prizes are offered 
by Government, in France at least, for its abatement. 
With us the complaints are each year more numerous, 
and the plague appears to increase rather than diminish. 
But a few days ago, a fruit grower came to us with a 
doleful face to tell of the complete ruin of his straw- 
berry plantation from this cause. What can be done? 
The' presence of the grub itself is not suspected until 
the mischief is done. The most effective help against 
the grub is the crow, but that, should it be seen after 
a grab -and its keen senses allow it to go for and 
destroy it— would be at once shot or driven away. Crows 
are the most active helpers, and should be protected 
by law. That unpopular animal, the odoriferous Skunk 
is another friend of the farmer, hut war is declared 
against him. because he is suspected of varying his 
diei of grubs witli an occasional spring chicken. No 
human help can avail while the insect remains in the 
grub state. Aside from shaking the beetles from the 
trees, they may be caught by means of lumps, so placed 
in lanterns that the beetles in Hying against them, will 
drop into water. We gave a year or two ago a method 
employed in Texas for thus trapping the beetles.— .///<,■- 
riean dgriculturitt. 
TREE PI UN 1 Mi- 
lt will no doubt be readily admitted thai the best 
time to plant deciduous trees of all kinds is soon nfter 
the leaves have fallen. It may hardly lie necessary in 
all cases lo wait for this event taking phi te, but where 
planting has to be done in a largo scale, the planting 
season iias necessarily to be considerably < xtended, and 
planting may be successfully performed at n.iiy time from 
the end of October until the beginning of March, when 
the condition of the weirher will admit of its being 
done. Pew Be aeons bnyo hitherto proved 0 favourable 
for planting operations as the present. It will also be 
admitted that the best method of preparing the -oil 
for the reception of young trees i- to dig or trench it 
at least two spits deep, and if poor to i'vo it a good 
dressing of immure or fresh foil if it can be obtained, 
which is not often the case. We may ah n here ulludo 
to what is possibly the worst method of plant 
