May i, 1882.] 
THE TROPICAL 
AGRICULTURIST. 
945 
forward in your editorial note are not involved ; these 
are fanciful suggestions of your own that find no 
warrant in our article. 0. H. Wood. 
If the purport of Messrs. Wood and Barret's 
note was different from what Mr. Howard and others 
have understood, it is to be lamented that they did not 
furnish the explanation of its meaning before. We 
have their own assurance that they failed to obtain 
the new base, and a comparison of the above letter 
with their original note shows that they may have 
made the mistake referred to by Mr. Howard as 
possible and requiring to be guarded against. At 
any rate, we have their own authority for the in- 
ference, since they describe the molecular compound 
of quinine and quinidine which they "first became 
acquainted with in working on samples of these 
cuprea barks," as being separable — by crystallization 
from water in the state of neutral sulphate — into 
"crystals of pure sulphate of quinine" and a " mother 
liquor" containing the quinidine ; while we now learn 
on the same authority that this compound " cm 
yield a crystalline sulphate which, when isolated, 
may be as lasvogyrate as quinine sulphate and give 
no hydriodatc of quinidine." The possibility of mis- 
taking one thing for another is therefore the only 
point on which we, like Mr. Howard, can agree with 
Messrs. Wood and Barret.— Ed. Pharm. Joukn.]. 
ESTIMATE OF THE COST OF MAKING A 300 
ACRE TEA GARDEN IN DEHRA DOON, INDIA. 
I have read with much interest the statement in 
your late issues of how to start a garden in Assam 
and make it pay. As the cost of starting a garden 
in the Dehra Doon, and the probable profit to be 
obtained from if. might be interesting to some of 
your readers, I have been at some considerable pains 
to make out a true statement of the cost of a 3^0 
acre garden, and the profit to be obtained by the 
end of the tenth year. As some of your numerous 
readers may have objections to urge with regard to 
some of the items, my best plan will be to refer to 
them one by one. First we have rent. Although 
only 300 acres are to be planted with tea, I have 
allowed an extra 50 acres for buildings, roads, &e. 
Land fit for tea can be obtained in the Doon for R3 4 
per acre, but as land is rising in value, I have considered 
it advisable to estimate the rent at R5 per acre 
per annum. 
Establishment. —The pay of bildars in the Doon is 
R4-8 per mensem, bui as there might be difficulty 
in getting a large body of men together in a short time 
at that rale, I have given their pay as R5 per mensem. 
The cost of Assam seed, thatching seed-beds, &c. , is 
taken from actual accounts slightly increased. The 
supply of tools is very ample, and the cost is taken 
from actual accounts. The cost of the bungalow is 
only an estimate, and 1 think a liberal one. The cost 
of the bildart' lines is taken from my books. Contin- 
gencies are meant to cover little petty expenses, such 
as stationery, postage, &c, &c. Mullocks food is estim- 
ated for tho whole year, but as they are uot fed on 
Suudajs and on days that they do not work, the 
charge for this item can be considerably decreased. 
Three pies per pound is the amount paid in the l> 
to coolies for plucking leaf, but as the weighing is 
never so exact as I have represented it to be, a saving 
will also be effected here. 
I believe that in Assam tivo coolies pick a niaund 
of tea per day, but as »ur tea has evidently more 
stick in it than the Assam, I have allowed doublo 
tlia' number per maund. 
The co-it of tho t- a boxes and lead lining is slightly 
exaggerated. :n they cost at present l!2 and not 
r: 10. 
The railway carriage is exact. The Calcutta Agents' 
charges are calculated on the tea selling at 10 annas 
per lb., and not at 8 annas as represented ; so this 
item can also be considerably reduced. 
.The estimated cost of the factory is a very liberal 
one for a 300 acre garden. 
Charcoal, oil for lighting and for engine and wood 
for engine are merely estimates, but even if under- 
estimated they would not affect the total much. The 
manure statement is made from actual experience. 
I have allowed R10,000 for Rolling Machinery, &c, 
— a very ample allowance I consider. 
If any one with a knowledge of the subject will 
take the trouble to go over the different items, 1 feel 
sure that he will confess that every one of them is 
over-estimated, and that the garden could be got up 
for a smaller capital than I have fixed. In your Assam 
correspondent's letter I notice very heavy charges 
for labour, but ns the men come up to us for nothing 
from the N. W. P. (or if we bring them up, their 
railway fare only costs R5 per man), we have none of 
these heavy expenses to meet. 
It may be objected that the yields per acre in the 
8th, 9th and 10th years, viz., 4001b., 450 1b., and 
5001b., is too high, but it must be remembered that 
the class of jdant is Assam Hybrid, which is supposed 
to yield better than the China variety. I have a 
large area of 8 year old China which will this year 
yield 4001b. per acre, and I know of another garden 
where the 8 year old plants are expected to do more 
than that. 
I know a large area of old China bushes, the manager 
of which assured me that last year they yielded over 
800 lb. per acre. I don't think that any critic will 
quarrel with the rate at which I have estimated the 
tea to be sold at, and considering that the variety is 
Assam Hybrid, it most likely would bring one or two 
annas per lb. more. 
In conclusion, I beg to point out that the Doon iB 
in no way behind As-am in the point of profit from 
tea, and considering its delightful, healthy climate, is 
I consider infinitely preferable to it. 
PROFIT ON 300 ACRE GARDEN IN 10 YEA US. 
1st Year. 
R. 
Rent of 350 acres at R5 per acre 1,750 
Establishment-Manager at R 150 = 1.800, 
Horse allowance at R20=240, Mali at R6= 
72, 3 Tindals at R8=2S8, 150 Bildars at 
R5=9,000, 1 Carpenter at R10= 120 11,520 
250 mds. Assam Hybrid seed, landed here at 
RGOpermd. 15,000 
Grass and sticks for thatching 25 acres of seed- 
beds at R72 per acre 1,HM) 
Tools : 200 Pharrahs -335 0, 100 Coorpas = 
20,000 Pharrah handles ^=37-8 392 
Buildings— Bungalow and Out-houses for 
Mauager, 3,tO0, Lines for 200 bildars, (mud 
walls) 1,050 0. ... 4,050 
Contingencies, say 1,000 
Receipts nil. 1st Year's Expenditure ... 35,512 
lifinarks.— One acre of seed-beds willplnnt out 12acrs 
of grouud 4' x 4' allowing for fair germination, so 25 
acres of seed-beds will bo required to plant out 300 
acres of tea. 10 matinda of seed sown t> << Font 
seeds will sow one acre of seedbeds, therefore 250 
maanda of Assam Hybrid wed will bo required. 
Bildars employed ibis M ar in trenching, making, sow. 
ing and thatching aoed-bcd», keeping beds clean. !»y. 
ing out roads and digging 100 acres of pit*. 
201 
